Restraint and Confiscation – A practical guide to the recovery of criminals' assets in the UK and overseas ICC Fraudnet Hilton Mauritius Hotel and Spa Resort 8th April 2010 David Ingram Grant Thornton UK LLP, London
Restraint and confiscation in the UK Brief history Current legislation Examples Significance to FraudNet members Questions
A brief history of restraint and confiscation Drug Trafficking Offences Act – 1986 Criminal Justice Act – 1988 Drug Trafficking Act – 1994 Proceeds of Crime Act – 2002
Current Legislation Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 - "POCA" Criminality post 24 March 2003 Agencies Crown Prosecution Service - CPS Serious Organised Crime Agency - SOCA Serious Fraud Office - SFO Department of Work and Pensions OFT FSA Department of Environment Office of Fair Trade The Royal Mail...
Application for a Restraint Order May seek restraint order as soon as criminal investigation has commenced Crown Court - POCA Must demonstrate that if successful prosecution there will be application for Confiscation Order Will need to stipulate value of assets to be restrained Creates an interest in property c/w freezing order
Confiscation Order Post conviction Benefit - actual Confiscation amount defendant's assets not restricted to obtained through criminality hidden assets Default sentence Time to pay
What if the defendant is found not guilty? Civil recovery SOCA, RCPO (now CPS), CPS Failed prosecution Defendant out of jurisdiction Criminal lifestyle
Civil Recovery - POCA style Introduced by POCA Property freezing order - ex parte Application for civil recovery Civil burden of proof
Restraint, confiscation and third parties Rights of prior encumbrancers preserved SFO V Lexi s426 POCA Compensation Orders - Messrs. Darwin
John and Anne Darwin
Examples Restraint stage – Selby Confiscation stage – Leaf Civil Recovery – Pickering
Significance of this area of UK law to FraudNet members UK – PCB ref Stannard Ireland – Arthur Cox ref Leaf USA – Astigarra Davis - Davison UAE – Hadef - various BVI – Walkers - various France – Lebray - Stannard
Questions ?