6.6 – Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Aim: How do cells of the body communicate?
Advertisements

Organs of the Endocrine System
The Endocrine System.
Biochemistry of Hormones. Hormone Regulation Hypothalamus- Regulation starts here. Located near the brain stem, it controls the pituitary. Pituitary-
Interactions between the Liver and Pancreas. Explain the control of blood glucose concentration, including the roles of glucagon, insulin and α and β.
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
T OPIC 6.6- H ORMONES, H OMEOSTASIS, AND R EPRODUCTION Shefali Waghray, Josh Russell, Reina Budesa Period 1.
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
Aim: How do cells of the body communicate? 1.2j Receptor molecules play an important role in the interactions between cells. Two primary agents of cellular.
Human Endocrine System
By, Shakree Gibson. Location The pancreas is located deep in the abdomen, between the stomach and the spine. It lies partially behind the stomach. The.
Hormones and Homeostasis. Homeostasis  Maintaining a stable internal environment despite unstable external conditions  Examples of systems with homeostasis.
The Endocrine System Pineal gland Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Thyroid
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction Understanding: -Insulin and glucagon are secreted by alpha and beta cells in the pancreas to control blood glucose.
The Endocrine System Controlling those Hormones And Maintaining Homeostasis.
Hormones, Homeostasis and Reproduction 6.6. Maintaining the Internal Environment Homeostasis : – Maintaining the internal environment of the body at constant.
AP Biology Endocrine System Hormones Reproduction.
The Endocrine System. Last page of endocrine notes.
6.6: Hormones, homeostasis & reproduction. Negative feedback Homeostasis – maintain constant internal environment Using the nervous and endocrine system.
Aim: How does the endocrine system control activities of the body?
Endocrine System Griffin, Julia, Addison, Marissa.
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
The endocrine system Advanced Health.
Hormones and the Endocrine System
The Endocrine System.
The Endocrine System.
Endocrine System.
Chapter 45 Hormones and the Endocrine System
6.6 Hormones & Reproduction
Endocrine System Chapter 9.
Endocrine System The endocrine system is a system of glands, each of which secretes hormones into the blood stream to regulate the body.
6.6 Hormones, Homeostasis & Reproduction
Endocrine System Chapter 10.
Endocrine System.
BIOLOGY 12 The Endocrine System.
CHAPTER 26 Chemical Regulation
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis, and reproduction
Endocrine System and Hormones
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
Chemical Regulation Is Chemical Messengers called Hormones.
Endocrine System Part 5B
The use of Chemical Signals to Maintain Homeostasis
The Endocrine System.
Homeostasis and the Endocrine System
Warm Up – Monday 5/1 Describe the function of each hormone.
Homeostasis
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
6.6 Hormones, Homeostasis, & Reproduction
The Reproductive System
6.6 – Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
The Endocrine System.
Control of Our Bodies Homeostasis
Intro to the Endocrine System (17min)
Chapter 16: The Endocrine System
Chapter 11 Review.
The Endocrine System 16.
Ch. 40 Warm-Up What type of behavior in animals might be triggered by cold temperatures? What type of behaviors might be triggered in hot temperatures?
Endocrine system Stephanie Lopez.
6.6 Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
Aim: How does the Endocrine System work in our body?
Control of Our Bodies Homeostasis
Endocrine System.
The Endocrine System.
Endocrine System Year 9 Science.
Endocrine System.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM pp
6.6 Hormones and homeostasis
6.6 – Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction
Presentation transcript:

6.6 – Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction

Essential Idea: Hormones are used when signals need to be widely distributed. 6.6 Hormones, Homeostasis and Reproduction Understandings: Insulin and glucagon are secreted by beta and alpha cells of the pancreas respectively to control blood glucose concentrations   Thyroxin is secreted by the thyroid gland to regulate the metabolic rate and help control body temp Leptin is secreted by cells in adipose tissues and acts on the hypothalamus of the brain to inhibit appetite Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland to control circadian rhythms A gene on the Y chromosome causes embryonic gonads to develop as testes and secrete testosterone Testosterone causes pre-natal development of male genitalia and both sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty Estrogen and progesterone cause pre-natal development of female reproductive organs and female secondary sexual characteristics during puberty The menstrual cycle is controlled by negative and positive feedback mechanisms involving ovarian and pituitary hormones Applications: Causes and treatments of Type I and II diabetes Testing of leptin on patients with clinical obesity and reasons for the failure to control the disease Causes of jet lag and use of melatonin to alleviate it The use in IVF of drugs to suspend the normal secretion of hormones, followed by the use of artificial doses of hormones to induce superovulation and establish a pregnancy William Harvey’s investigation of sexual reproduction in deer Skill: Annotate diagrams of the male and female reproductive system to show names of structures and their functions.

Homeostasis Keeping the body within certain physiological limits pH, CO2 and glucose concentrations of blood, water balance, and body temperature Much energy in your body is used to maintain homeostasis

3. Negative feedback mechanisms – work like a thermostat a 3. Negative feedback mechanisms – work like a thermostat a. If certain limit is reached, triggers a response to bring body back within normal range

4. Nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis a. Autonomic nervous system triggers glands to release hormones which travel through blood to target cells

5. Positive Feedback

Hormones and their functions A. Thyroxin – amino acid and iodine 1. Thyroid – butterfly shaped gland in neck 2. 2 forms – T3 and T4 (# of iodines) 3. Target cells – most all in body 4. Transcription regulator (stimulates) 5. Increases metabolism in cell -> requires more energy -> requires more O2 6. Also helps regulate body temp (increased activity increases temp)

Leptin Produced by adipose tissue More fat -> more leptin produced Target cells = hypothalamus Function is to decrease appetite (since there is enough supply in reserves) Obesity – desensitized to leptin, tend to have higher levels, but does not suppress appetite

Melatonin Produced by pineal gland in brain Regulates circadian rhythms Produced mostly at night Production disrupted by exposure to light at irregular times

III. Diabetes A. Insulin – produced by beta cells in pancreas – decreases blood sugar 1. Opens protein channels on cell membranes so that glucose goes into the cell (and out of the blood) 2. Stimulates hepatocytes (liver cells) to convert glucose to glycogen B. Glucagon produced by alpha cells in pancreas – increases blood sugar 1. Stimulates liver to break down glycogen into glucose

Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) Type I – beta cells don’t produce enough insulin a. Genetic, auto-immune, unknown b. Controlled with insulin injections Type II – body cell receptors don’t respond to insulin (insulin-resistance) a. Genetic, over-consumption of sugar, obesity b. Treated with diet and various medications

Effects 1. Blindness 2. Kidney failure 3. Nerve damage 4. High risk of cardiovascular disease 5. Poor wound healing