Greek Philosophy & Science Unit 1, Chapter 4.

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By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY

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Presentation transcript:

Greek Philosophy & Science Unit 1, Chapter 4

Archaic Greece: 800 - 480 BCE Formative phase Phoenicians alphabet

The Acropolis Today

The Agora

Archaic Philosophy Focus on Individual Humanism Lyric poetry Pre-Socratic philosophers Logographers

"Hellenic" (Classical) Greece: 480 - 323 BCE Success of Greece against Persia Death of Alexander the Great orality to literacy

Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE

ATHENS: Yesterday & Today

Golden “Age of Pericles”: 460 BCE – 429 BCE

Democracy? Free, adult males of Athenian ancestry 10 – 15 % of population Slavery Limited rights of women

Great Athenian Philosophers Socrates Know thyself! question everything only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness Plato The Academy dialogues The Republic

Great Athenian Philosophers Aristotle tutor of Alexander the Great The Lyceum “Golden Mean” scientific method

Aristotle's Concept of the Golden Mean -- Defect -- BALANCE + Excess + cowardice COURAGE rashness stinginess LIBERALITY extravagance sloth AMBITION greed humility MODESTY pride secrecy HONESTY loquacity moroseness GOOD HUMOR buffoonery quarrelsomeness FRIENDSHIP flattery self-indulgence TEMPERANCE insensibility apathy EQUANIMITY irascibility Hamlet's Indecisiveness Atticus' SELF CONTROL Don Quixote's Impulsiveness *Derived from The Story of Philosophy by Will Durant

The Classical Greek “Ideal”

Olympia

The Ancient Olympics: Athletes & Trainers

"Hellenistic" Greece: 323 - 30 BCE Hellenized or under Greek influence

The Hellenization of Asia

Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences Scientists / Mathematicians: Aristarchus  heliocentric theory Euclid  geometry Archimedes  pulley Hellenistic Art: More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!