CHAPTER 12 金屬鑄造：設計、材料與經濟（Metal Casting: Design, Materials, and Economics）

Casting Design Modifications 應力集中 應力集中 曲率 Figure 12.1 Suggested design modifications to avoid defects in castings. Note that sharp corners are avoided to reduce stress concentrations.

Casting Cross-Sections Figure 12.2 Examples of designs showing the importance of maintaining uniform cross- sections in castings to avoid hot spots and shrinkage cavities.

Avoiding Shrinkage Cavities Figure 12.3 Examples of design modifications to avoid shrinkage cavities in castings. Source: Steel Castings Handbook, 5th ed. Steel Founders' Society of America, 1980. Used with permission.

Chills Figure 12.4 The use of metal padding (chills) to increase the rate of cooling in thick regions in a casting to avoid shrinkage cavities. Source: Steel Castings Handbook, 5th ed. Steel Founders' Society of America, 1980. Used with permission.

Normal Shrinkage Allowance for Some Metals Cast in Sand Molds

Solidification Contraction for Various Cast Metals

Parting Line Figure 12.5 Redesign of a casting by making the parting line straight to avoid defects. Source: Steel Casting Handbook, 5th ed. Steel Founders' Society of America, 1980. Used with permission.

Casting Design Modifications Figure 12.6 Examples of casting design modifications. Source: Steel Casting Handbook, 5th ed. Steel Founders' Society of America, 1980. Used with permission.

Desirable and Undesirable Die-Casting Practices Figure 12.7 Examples of undesirable and desirable design practices for die-cast parts. Note that section-thickness uniformity is maintained throughout the part. Source: American Die Casting Institute.

Add 2-5(25)mm around for machining P.L. Add 2-5(25)mm around for machining Original outline with shrinkage rule 0.5° -2° draft allowance V slot to be machined

Mechanical Properties of Gray Cast Irons

Properties and Typical Applications of Cast Nonferrous Alloys

Table 12.6, 11.1和11.2 重要

General Cost Characteristics of Casting Processes

Summary of Casting Processes

General Characteristics of Casting Processes