Greek Revival Style Welcome to HIST 12797 – Architectural History This building presents itself as Canada to the British. What does this building say and is this representative of who we are as Canadians? Canada House is a Greek Revival building on Trafalgar Square in London. It has been a Grade II* Listed Building since 1970. It has served as the offices of the High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom since 1925. Wikipedia “Canada House” – Canadian High Commission, London England. Greek Revival Style

MODULE 1 - Introduction to Architectural History This Week’s Agenda: MODULE 1 - Introduction to Architectural History • Who is your Instructor? • What is the BIG PICTURE of this course? • Detailed Weekly Schedule • Expectations & Learning Outcomes • Evaluations & Exercises • What else You Should Know? • In-Class Exercise • Recap • Reading/Viewing/Listening Materials “A doctor can bury his mistakes but an architect can only advise his clients to plant vines.” - Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)

Who is your instructor? MODULE 1 “I don't want to be interesting. I want to be good.” - Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969) 

The BIG PICTURE for this course… In this class, we will be looking at: MODULE 1 The BIG PICTURE for this course… In this class, we will be looking at: The shape of architecture throughout history and how building technology has changed over time + how the cultural values of the era impact the architecture and the people around it. For example: Who knows the name of this building? What are the structural members that are holding it up? Who knows the name of this building? _________________, a temple in honour of the goddess Athena What are the structural members that are holding it up? _____________ & ______________ https://www.oneonta.edu/faculty/farberas/arth/arth200/politics/parthenon.html How did it fit into the surrounding community?

The BIG PICTURE for this course… MODULE 1 The BIG PICTURE for this course… The surrounding secular community, densely populated around the Acropolis. The Acropolis, while was full of temples dedicated to various gods. How did it fit into the surrounding community? If you can imagine, this sacred shrine was built high on the Acropolis, surrounded by other temples dedicated to other Greek gods. Lower down, the Acropolis is closely surrounded by the houses of the residents – a less precious and formal architecture, compared to what was built high up on the hill for them to look at, fear, and worship. https://www.oneonta.edu/faculty/farberas/arth/arth200/politics/parthenon.html

From the FAR PAST…. Parthenon (Greece, 447 – 432 BC) MODULE 1 Temple for Athena Pellas or Parthenos(virgin). Design uses the golden proportion found in nature making it aesthetically pleasing to look at. No straight lines can be found, all are either curved or tapered to compensate for the bulging effect of a building when you look at it making it look straight. Main material used is marble. Don’t just watch, take notes!!! Play this: https://www.youtube.com/embed/Q2v70elPkpg?start=2030&end=2203 Research sources Given the option for research, would you choose for your source? 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenon Or 2. ancient-greece.org/architecture/parthenon.html Students should take note about the information being stated in the video Focus on being able to place the building in an architectural timeline adding important facts like the following: Who requested the building construction: Pericles When was it built: 447 – 432 BCE (added research) took 15 years to build Where was it built (Acropolis, high hill in Athens) What was the building for: Temple for Athena Pellas or Parthenos(virgin) this are additional info which students are encouraged to do Design uses the golden proportion found in nature making it aesthetically pleasing to look at No straight lines can be found, all are either curved or tapered to compensate for the bulging effect of a building when you look at it making it look straight Materials used was able to last the test of time even when the paints have faded WATCH THIS: Wait for the video to load: reconstruction of the Parthenon

The BIG PICTURE for this course… MODULE 1 The BIG PICTURE for this course… In comparison, another more recent building that we will be studying… Who knows the name of this building? Do you know where it is? What is significant about the building technology of this structure? How does it fit into the surrounding community? What year was it built? What style was it built in? Who knows the name of this building? TORONTO-DOMINION BUILDING by Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe, construction completed in 1969. What is significant about the building technology of this structure? STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE with CONCRETE FLOOR PLATES and a CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM HANGING ON THE OUTSIDE How does it fit into the surrounding community? It is located in the heart of Toronto at King and Bay – the most powerful financial district in Canada. It’s simple Modernist lines, height, colour and form, speak of power, money and influence.

To the NOT SO FAR PAST… Mies van der Rohe, Seagram (Canadian Liquor Company) Building, New York City (1958) MODULE 1 Original design by Charles Luckman, as mentioned in the video – was “awful” according to Phyllis Lambert (an architecture student at the time) “Less is more” says Mies van der Rohe standing here with Phyllis Lambert https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyyuflY5k2k Other resources: Given the option for research, would you choose for your source? 1. Ten buildings that changed America http://interactive.wttw.com/tenbuildings/seagram-building or 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seagram_Building ‘You can’t modernize the Renaissance − you can only learn from it.’ Phyllis Lambert https://www.architectural-review.com/rethink/building-seagram-a-memoir-of-mies-and-modernism/8652671.article Materials used Bronze cladding – used for sculptures, rubbed with oil each year to prevent patina from showing Travertine marble – used by Ancient Roman architects Student Power and influence in architecture! Note: A similar group of buildings were constructed in downtown Toronto called TD Centre which we will visit in our Toronto Tour

Why did Mies create a huge plaza space in front of the Seagram building when real estate prices in Manhattan are so expensive to “waste” for such an area in the city? And there are no seats to stay and enjoy the view… Lever Building (across the street) 1st curtain wall building in Manhattan Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLPg Seagram Building (1956 – 58) Mies Van der Rohe Take notes for the quiz. MODULE 1 Play this: https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZyyuflY5k2k?start=1&end=545 Seagram Building http://todesignllc.com/blog?id=67200/the-iconic-seagram-building Lever Building, designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP https://jakerajs.photoshelter.com/image/I0000TnO4MLDXfHc Friedrichstrasse Skyscraper Project 1921 http://ca.phaidon.com/agenda/architecture/articles/2014/march/19/how-mies-invented-modern-architecture/ WATCH THIS: the history of the Seagram Building Smarthistory. art, history, conversation Created by Beth Harris and Steven Zucker Friedrichstrasse Skyscraper Project 1921, opaque version of Mies's photomontage - Mies van der Rohe

“How do you distill the lessons of the ancients in a building that’s made of metal and glass?” How did the author compare the Seagram Building to that of the Greek temple? Raised platform – stylobate Vertical lines like fluting Use of travertine marble Classical proportions https://www.flickr.com/photos/tiseb/26519426 http://www.thecityreview.com/park375.html A balance between old and new finding inspiration from the past MODULE 1

MODULE 1 Through its simple vertical lines, the building takes us high above the skies and soars without an end “from the base of the tower to the top” I-beams that serve no purpose but decoration.

Detailed Weekly Schedule MODULE 1 Detailed Weekly Schedule ► Click on “Course Syllabus” on our course’s landing page Things to note on the weekly schedule: When assignments are handed out When assignments are due Weekly Required Readings/Videos/Podcasts ** The weekly schedule and due dates are subject to change as a result of inclement weather, class cancellations, statutory holidays.

Expectations and outcomes for this course… MODULE 1 Expectations and outcomes for this course… Evaluation plan: In-Class Activities 10% Quizzes 10% Assignments 20% Projects / Presentations 20% Midterm Exam 20% Final Exam 20% **Students must obtain at least 50% of the value of each of the components of this course in order to obtain a passing grade.

Expectations and outcomes for this term… Course Learning Outcomes: MODULE 1 Expectations and outcomes for this term… Course Learning Outcomes: To achieve the critical performance, students will have demonstrated the ability to: Analyze the relationship between cultural values and built form. Outline the origins of built form. Incorporate architectural terminology in written and verbal assignments and activities. Discuss some of the dominant architects of the twentieth century. Compare the historic residential styles of the local area.

Expectations and outcomes for this term… MODULE 1 Expectations and outcomes for this term… Course Learning Outcomes… continued: To achieve the critical performance, students will have demonstrated the ability to: 6. Research topics related specifically to architectural history. 7. Explain basic design principles. 8. Discuss specific architectural ideas. 9. Identify basic architectural styles as well as some specific historic buildings and architects. 10. Adopt a professional attitude that is reflected in interactions with instructor and peers, and in written, verbal and graphic communication.

Expectations and outcomes for this term… Typical Class Format: MODULE 1 Expectations and outcomes for this term… Typical Class Format: Guided Discussion of Reading / Homework Assignment / Content Delivery Today’s Learning Objectives Recap Activity Content Delivery In-Class Exercise / Activity Recap Content Present Reading / Homework “All architecture is shelter, all great architecture is the design of space that contains, cuddles, exalts, or stimulates the persons in that space.” - Philip Johnson (1906-2005) 2. Philip Johnson

What else should you know… MODULE 1 What else should you know… SLATE tour

What else should you know… MODULE 1 What else should you know… Architecture department policies Assignment collection policy Attendance policy Academic integrity policy ► watch the library’s video… Class start time / break policy Required Textbooks: NONE, despite what the course outline says… We will be issuing readings / podcasts / videos for you to read each week as the semester progresses.

Choose your favourite building Write your name in the card provided Introduce yourself Choose your favourite building Write your name in the card provided When called introduced yourself and your favorite building Your name Your favorite building It’s location The date it was built What do you like about this building MODULE 1

What is the big picture of this course? Shape Technology Culture Recap What is the big picture of this course? Shape Technology Culture From Prehistory to Modernism …. and beyond! Skara Brae, Scotland 3180 BCE–2500 BCE, Neolithic Period. THE FUTURE! The Dynamic Tower – each floor rotates individually. http://www.spiked-online.com/newsite/article/5648#.VqKNEvkrKWg Dynamic Tower, David Fisher, UNBUILT, proposed for Dubai. Villa Savoye by Le Corbusier Poissy, France 1928-31. MODULE 1

There are several in-class activities There are 2 assignments Recap What about marks? There are several in-class activities There are 2 assignments There are quizzes for you to do on your own time There is 1 project There is a mid-term test There is a final test MODULE 1

MODULE 1 Sources “Canada House” – Canadian High Commission, London England Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969) Parthenon https://www.oneonta.edu/faculty/farberas/arth/arth200/politics/parthenon.html https://www.oneonta.edu/faculty/farberas/arth/arth200/politics/parthenon.html http://www.youtube.com/v/Q2v70elPkpg?version=3&start=2030&end=2203&autoplay=0&hl=en_US&rel=0 Seagram Building http://todesignllc.com/blog?id=67200/the-iconic-seagram-building Lever Building, designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP https://jakerajs.photoshelter.com/image/I0000TnO4MLDXfHc Friedrichstrasse Skyscraper Project 1921 http://ca.phaidon.com/agenda/architecture/articles/2014/march/19/how-mies-invented-modern-architecture/ https://www.flickr.com/photos/tiseb/26519426 http://www.thecityreview.com/park375.html Charles Luckman Mies van der Rohe standing here with Phyllis Lambert