13 BRITISH COLONIES IN NORTH AMERICA
Types of American Colonies: Royal Colony – colony run by a governor and a council appointed by the king or queen Charter Colony – colony established by a group of settlers who had been given a formal document allowing them to settle Proprietary Colony – colony run by individuals or groups whom land was granted By 1763 most American colonies became Royal colonies
Government of the Royal Colonies The government of the Royal Colonies was based on the following principles: ruled by the British monarchs British King had control over all unsold public lands and his Governor had the power to allocate the lands King appointed a governor and a council to assist him with the government of the Colony colonies elected their own legislature (parliament) governor controlled taxes and expenditure but could not authorize the payment of his own salary. The colonial legislatures had the authority to approve or delay paying a salary to the royal governor
American Colonial Regions: 1. New England
American Colonial Regions: 2. Middle Colonies
American Colonial Regions: 3. Southern Colonies
New England Colonies: Colony Name: Massachusetts Colonial Region: New England Date Settled: 1620/1630 Founders/Leaders: John Carver, John Winthrop, William Bradford Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: subsistence farming, fishing, ship building, small business Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom
New England Colonies: Colony Name: New Hampshire Colonial Region: New England Date Settled: 1620 Founders/Leaders: John Mason Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: trade, fishing, rum, fur, lumber Reason(s) Founded: profit from trade/fishing
New England Colonies: Colony Name: Rhode Island Colonial Region: New England Date Settled: 1636 Founders/Leaders: Roger Williams Type of Colony: Charter Economic Development: iron, shipping Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom
New England Colonies: Colony Name: Connecticut Colonial Region: New England Date Settled: 1635 Founders/Leaders: Thomas Hooker Type of Colony: Charter Economic Development: cattle, rum, iron, shipping Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom, profit from fur trade, farming
Middle Colonies: Colony Name: New York Colonial Region: Mid-Atlantic Date Settled: 1624 Founders/Leaders: Dutch Settlers (English – Duke of York) Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: cattle, rum, lumber, grain, fishing Reason(s) Founded: expand trade
Middle Colonies: Colony Name: Delaware Colonial Region: Mid-Atlantic Date Settled: 1638 Founders/Leaders: Swedish settlers Type of Colony: Proprietary Economic Development: iron, fishing Reason(s) Founded: expand trade
Middle Colonies: Colony Name: New Jersey Colonial Region: Mid-Atlantic Date Settled: 1638 Founders/Leaders: John Berkeley, George Carteret Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: iron, fishing, cattle Reason(s) Founded: profit from selling land
Middle Colonies: Colony Name: Pennsylvania Colonial Region: Mid-Atlantic Date Settled: 1682 Founders/Leaders: William Penn Type of Colony: Proprietary Economic Development: iron, cattle, lumber, grain, rum Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom, expand trade
Southern Colonies: Colony Name: Virginia Colonial Region: Southern Date Settled: 1607 Founders/Leaders: John Smith Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: trade, tobacco, cattle, rum, grain Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom, expand trade
Southern Colonies: Colony Name: Maryland Colonial Region: Southern Date Settled: 1634 Founders/Leaders: Cecil Calvert Type of Colony: Proprietary Economic Development: sell land, iron, tobacco Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom, sell land
Southern Colonies: Colony Name: North Carolina Colonial Region: Southern Date Settled: 1660s Founders/Leaders: 8 Aristocrats Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: cattle, grain, indigo, rice, tobacco, lumber Reason(s) Founded: profit from trade/selling land
Southern Colonies: Colony Name: South Carolina Colonial Region: Southern Date Settled: 1670 Founders/Leaders: 8 Aristocrats Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: cattle, grain, indigo, rice, rum, lumber Reason(s) Founded: profit from trade/selling land
Southern Colonies: Colony Name: Georgia Colonial Region: Southern Date Settled: 1733 Founders/Leaders: James Oglethorp Type of Colony: Royal Economic Development: indigo, rice Reason(s) Founded: religious freedom, protection from Spanish Florida, safe place for debtors