BAKTERIJE VIRUSI prof.Sonja Kovačević.

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Presentation transcript:

BAKTERIJE VIRUSI prof.Sonja Kovačević

Bakterije - jednoćelijski organizmi - prokarioti

Patogene bakterije - izazivači bolesti

Escherichia coli Salmonella Soil bacteria-zemljišna bakterija

Staphylococcus aureus

Bakterije u petri šolji

Antibiotic susceptiblity testing - testiranje osetljivosti bakterija na antibiotike

zubne bakterije

Rad u mikrobiološkoj laboratoriji

Kruženje azota u prirodi zemljišne bakterije- azotofiksatori

termofilne bakterije

Virusi

Viroidi i prioni su izazivači mnogih bolesti. Sitniji su od virusa.Viroidi se sastoje samo od nukleinske kiseline, bez proteinskog omotača a prioni su sastavljeni od proteina.Viroidi su konstatovani kod biljaka a prioni kod životinja. Prioni su izazivači bolesti ludih krava. Goveđa spongiformna encefalopatija (engleska skraćenica BSE) poznata kao Bolest ludih krava ili Kravlje ludilo, je smrtonosna, neurodegenerativna bolest goveda. Ime spongiformna encefalopatija potiče od izgleda obolelog mozga. U prevodu to znači sunđerasta bolest mozga. Prioni su proteini koji se menjaju zbog mutacije gena odgovornog za njihovu sintezu. Prioni (izmenjeni proteini ) prodiru u nervne ćelije, nagomilavaju se u obliku vakuola dajući mozgu sunđerast izgled. Zahvaćene nervne ćelije podležu degeneraciji i izumiru. Iako nikada nije ubijala stoku u razmerama drugih stočnih bolesti, kao što su slinavka i goveđa kuga, BSE je izazvala veliku pažnju jer se može preneti na ljude. Smatra se da je uzročnik varijante Creutzfeld-Jakobove bolesti (vCJD)-bolesti koja uništava ljudski mozak.

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) commonly known as Mad-Cow Disease (MCD), is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease in cattle, that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord and also causes red eyes. BSE has a long incubation period, about 4 years, usually affecting adult cattle at a peak age onset of four to five years, all breeds being equally susceptible. In the United Kingdom, the country worst affected, more than 179,000 cattle have been infected and 4.4 million slaughtered during the eradication programme. The infectious agent in BSE is believed to be a specific type of misfolded protein called a prion. This is a completely new form of disease, caused by a protein that’s not alive but is capable transforming the proteins around it.