CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems

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CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems

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Presentation transcript:

CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems Real-Time Networks – LAN Basic concepts CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

Channel model - Shared medium (Bus, Ring) Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node n …………. Shared Bus What is the difference between Task Scheduling & Medium Access Control (MAC) in LAN? What is the difference between Packet Scheduling in WAN and MAC in LAN? CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran) Messages (Packets) Periodic messages (streams) Aperiodic messages Dynamically arriving periodic messages CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

Bus scheduling vs. Processor scheduling Task Preemption Tasks can be preempted, but packets cannot be Granularity of priority levels Task scheduling: potentially an arbitrary number of priority levels Packet scheduling: fixed number of priority levels  priority inversion Buffering problems Unique to packet scheduling Shortening packet deadline (changing the priority) based on buffer availability CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

Real-Time MAC protocols Access arbitration process Decides when a particular node should transmit This impacts the throughput, channel access delay, deadline, and fairness characteristics Transmission control process Decides for how long a particular node continue to transmit Static: the channel holding time is predetermined Dynamic: holding time is determined at run-time This impacts the throughput, deadline, and fairness characteristics CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran) RT-MAC design issues Predictability Timing correctness Protocol overhead Channel utilization Fairness Stability during transient overloads CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

End-to-end message delay Sender: Application layer: processing and queuing delays MAC layer: queuing delay Channel access time Transmission delay Propagation delay Receiver: Application layer: queuing and processing delays CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran) Real-Time guarantees Static guarantees Periodic messages (streams) Dynamic guarantees Aperiodic messages, Aperiodic streams Hybrid of static and dynamic guarantees Best effort CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)

Inadequacies of traditional LAN protocols 802.3 (CSMA/CD) 802.4 (token bus) 802.5 (token ring) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) CprE 458/558: Real-Time Systems (G. Manimaran)