Atomic Mass - ________________ If you take away An electron it is # of Atomic # = Change # of Protons Change # of Electrons If you add an Electron It is Element Symbol Equal to 47 Ag 107.8682 # of __________ Change # of Neutrons = # protons+ # neutrons Can be Radioactive Type of Charge Add atom Type of Charge Biochemistry Atoms Makes up the ___________ Of the atom (center of atom) To Calculate you must Subtract: Atomic Mass - ________________ = # Neutrons Word Bank: Protons Neutrons electrons nucleus Negative ion isotope Atomic Mass Compound neutral positive New Atom Positive negative Atomic Number

Creates compounds known as: Word Bank: Covalent NaCl Van der Waals H2O Ionic Molecule Weak Compounds Very Weak attract Strong negative Ions Hydrogen Bond Positive When you bond Atoms together They form _______________ Biochemistry Bonding Example Share Electrons Exchange Electrons Attraction due to Electron movement Strength Strength Strength Atom that looses an electron Example Atom that Gains an electron __________ charge ___________ charge Example: Creates compounds known as: ________________ These are: ________ Opposite Charges

Biochemistry Acids & Bases Measured By Add these together & you get Word Bank: pH Scale Acids Bases Neutral Hydrogen Ions Hydroxide Ions Water Strong Acid Weak Acid Strong Base Weak Base H+ OH- Sour Bitter Biochemistry Acids & Bases A base with a pH of 14 would be a __________________ ___________ A base with a pH of 8 would be a __________________ ___________ An acid with a pH of 1 would be a _________________ _________ Release ____________________ ______ in water Taste An acid with a pH of 6 would be a _________________ _________ Measured By Shown Chemically as __________ have a pH between 7-14 Add these together & you get ___________ Which is Considered ____________ With a pH of 7 Shown Chemically as Taste Release _____________ ______ in water __________ have a pH between 0-7

Because it has oppositely ______________________ Biochemistry Water & Solutions These dotted lines represent an attraction Between oppositely charged regions of a Water molecule, also known as ____________________ __________ Even though this is a weak bond It is considered to be a very strong Van der Waals interaction. Water is considered _________________ Because it has oppositely Charged regions. Word Bank: Polar Adhesion Cohesion Hydrogen Bonds Mixture Homogeneous Heterogeneous Solution Capillary Action Solvent Solute Water displays ___________________ When same molecules Are attracted and bond together Meniscus ______ ____ Utilizes both the adhesive and cohesive Qualities of water to move water against Gravity. Water displays ____________________ An attraction between 2 Different molecules Like glass & water A Combination of 2 or more Substances is called a _____________________ Substance that is The Dissolver ______________________ Substance that is Dissolved ___________________ A mixture that is the same throughout Like Kool-Aid A mixture where the Components remain Distinct. Like Salad Also Known as a

These Increase Function Biochemistry Chemical Reactions Left Side of Equation = Right Side of Equation = Energy Required for the Reaction to occur This speeds up a reaction Changes in these can Decrease Function __________ Works by Decreasing This Biological Form When Heat or pH Changes the Shape of this and Makes it non-functional Binding Site on Enzyme These Increase Function __________________ These can be used Over and over Word Bank: Catalyst Reactant Product Activation Energy Enzyme Low Substrate Concentration High Substrate Concentration Low Enzyme Concentration High Enzyme Concentration Temperature Substrate Active Site pH (Acid/Base) denature A Reactant that Binds to an Enzyme

Biochemistry Macromolecules ________ Word Bank: ________________ Muscle Structure DNA Oil Enzymes Lard RNA ATP Fatty acid 20 Nucleotide glucose Amino acids grains Sugars Saturated Unsaturated Protection Hydrophobic Disaccharide polysaccharide monosaccharide Hereditary Material Quick Energy Examples _______ Monomer ________________ The # of a.a. function Primary function Monomer _______________ Proteins ____________ And to speed Up Chemical RXNs Nucleic Acids Example Examples: ________ Biochemistry Macromolecules One sugar Example Solid at RT Two sugars Simple Sugars Many sugars C-C Single Bonds Example Carbohydrates Do not like water _____________ Lipids Starches Monomer _______________ function Food storage and ____________ function Monomer ____________ aka saccharide C=C Double Bonds Example Liquid at RT