Curriculum Architecture Design CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Project Planning & Kick-off Analysis Design Implementation By Guy W. Wallace partner, CADDI, Inc.

Session Objectives At the conclusion of this session, you should be able to Describe the four-phase Curriculum Architecture Design (CAD) process Describe the key CAD outputs Describe the various CAD project teams and their roles/ responsibilities Describe a CAD in terms of its benefits

The Speaker’s CAD Project Experiences Guy W. Wallace Is working on his 70th CAD Project since 1982; his professional biography can be viewed later in this document Has written numerous articles on CAD; see the list on page 32 Has presented more than 20 times on CAD and related ISD methodologies Is the lead author of CADDI’s PACT Processes for T&D, including CAD

CAD: Definition A performance-based Curriculum Architecture Design (CAD) is a comprehensive, modular “product line” systems design of all the T&D that could be, so that business leaders can target T&D that should be, so that T&D organizations can develop/acquire ROI and EVA producing T&D that will be CAD = Curriculum = T&D Architecture Product Design Line T&D products include: Classroom, self-paced readings, videos, audiotapes, CBT, CD-ROM, intranet/internet readings, job/project/task assignments, structured OJT, unstructured OJT

The PACTSM Process for CAD Implementation Planning CAD Phase 4 Project & Kick-off CAD Phase 1 Analysis CAD Phase 2 Design CAD Phase 3 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Project Phases Key Outputs CAD Project Plan CAD Analysis Report CAD Design Document CAD Implemen-tation Plan CAD Phase 1 Presentations CAD Phase 2 Presentations CAD Phase 3 Presentations CAD Phase 4 Presentations Project Steering Team ½ day Analysis Team 3 days Design Team 3 days Implementa-tion Planning Team 1 day Project Roles* *of customers and stakeholders Project Steering Team 1 day Project Steering Team 1 day Project Steering Team ½ day Curriculum Architecture Design and PACT are services marks of CADDI, Inc.

CAD Leads to Development One CAD Project Leads to Many MCD/IAD Projects ©1999 CADDI, Inc. PACT Process for T&D: ©1999 CADDI, Inc. P-1011 11/16//99 Page 6 Curriculum Architecture Design Overview

CAD Phase 1: Project Planning & Kick-off Analysis Design Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Description – Project priorities, direction, and resources are defined; potential issues and/or stakeholder requirements should be uncovered and planned for during this phase to ensure the success of downstream phases Key Activities/Tasks – Project Steering Team meeting is held to review the proposed project and obtain commitment Key Outputs – Project Plan Phase 1 Gate Review Presentation

CAD Phase 1: Subphases Project Planning & Kick-off Analysis Design Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. In Phase 1: Project Planning & Kick-off, interviews are conducted, a Project Plan is drafted, and a Project Steering Team is assembled. The Project Steering Team conducts its first gate review meeting. The first gate review meeting is to Review and sanction the project. Modify the Project Plan or put the project on “temporary hold.” Cancel the project if it doesn’t meet a priority business need. In this phase, the Project Steering Team handpicks members of the Analysis Team.

CAD Phase 2: Analysis Analysis Project Planning & Kick-off Design Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Description – A common view of the personnel, performance requirements, knowledge/skill requirements, and appropriateness and completeness of any existing T&D is established; this common view will form the basis for the CAD and all priority-setting activities later in the project Key Activities/Tasks – A two- to three-day analysis meeting with the target population is conducted to identify the job requirements, performance gaps, and knowledge/skill requirements; a subsequent Project Steering Team meeting is held to review all the data Key Outputs – Phase 2 Kick-off Presentation Analysis Report (Target Audience Data, Performance Model, Knowledge/Skill Matrix, and Existing T&D Assessments) Phase 2 Gate Review Presentation

CAD Phase 2: Subphases Analysis Project Planning & Kick-off Design Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. In Phase 2: Analysis, target audience data is gathered and preparations and logistics for the Analysis Team meeting are coordinated. During the Analysis Team meeting, the team generates the Performance Model and the Knowledge/Skill Matrix data. Afterwards, existing T&D is assessed. All of the analysis is documented in an Analysis Report and presented to the Project Steering Team during the Phase 2 gate review meeting.

CAD Phase 3: Design Design Project Planning & Kick-off Analysis Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Description – In this phase, a CAD to address the performance tasks and knowledge/skills derived in the Analysis Phase is produced; tradeoffs need to be made to create a CAD that is robust against future variation in job assignments, individual trainee experience, career goals, delivery facilities, and maintenance requirements; it also needs to be designed for content “updatability” and future adaptability to potential changes in the business (e.g., organization structure, competition, technology, etc.) Key Activities/Tasks – A Design Team composed of one to three members from the Analysis Team and members of the T&D Team meet to produce the CAD; subsequently, a Project Steering Team review meeting is held Note: The intent of the team approach to design is not “to design by committee” but to influence the designers by committee during the actual design activities

CAD Phase 3: Design (continued) Project Planning & Kick-off Analysis Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Key Outputs – Phase 3 Kick-off Presentation CAD Design Document Typical T&D Paths Individual T&D Planning Guide T&D Event Specifications T&D Module Specifications T&D Module Inventory Framework Phase 3 Gate Review Presentation

Phase 3: Subphases Design Project Planning & Kick-off Analysis Implementation CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. In Phase 3: Design, the Design Team meeting is conducted where all of the potential modules of the architecture are identified, classified, and numbered. The team combines these modules into T&D Events and constructs T&D Paths for learners—sequences of events appropriate for target audiences. The results are compiled in a Design Document and formally presented to the Project Steering Team.

CAD Phase 4: Implementation Planning Project & Kick-off Analysis Design CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Description – Implementation priorities for developing/acquiring T&D will be established by the Implementation Planning Team for all of the T&D Events (and Modules) and will be translated into a CAD Implementation Plan Key Activities/Tasks – Implementation planning is done by the Implementation Planning Team; an Implementation Planning Report is developed and reviewed by the Project Steering Team Key Outputs – Phase 4 Kick-off Presentation Implementation Planning Report Phase 4 Gate Review Presentation

Phase 4: Subphases Implementation Planning Project & Kick-off Analysis Design CAD Phase 1 CAD Phase 2 CAD Phase 3 CAD Phase 4 ©1999 CADDI, Inc. In Phase 4: Implementation Planning, an Implementation Planning Team is formed to prioritize all of the gap T&D Events and Modules. In parallel, development cost heuristics are developed and applied to forecast the cost implications of implementing the CAD’s top priorities. The final priorities and cost implications are then presented to the Project Steering Team for review and reaction.

Key Outputs of a Curriculum Architecture Design Project CAD Outputs Overview Key Outputs of a Curriculum Architecture Design Project Kick-off Phase Analysis Phase Performance Model Job: A Performance Model Job: B Performance Model Job: C Performance Model Job: D Target Audience Data Job: A Target Audience Data Job: B Target Audience Data Job: C Target Audience Data Job: D   Knowledge/ Skill Matrix  Existing T&D Assess- ments  T&D Module Specs  T&D Module Inventory Framework  T&D Event Specs  T&D Path for a Job/Job Family  Individual T&D Planning Guide  Design Phase ©1999 CADDI, Inc. Gap Priorities Project Plan Implementation Phase

CAD: Output Users and Usage Analysis and Design Outputs 1. Target Audience Data 2. Performance Model 3. Knowledge/Skill Matrix 4. Existing T&D Assessments 5. T&D Module Specs 6. T&D Module Inventory Framework 7. T&D Event Specs 8. T&D Path 9. Individual T&D Planning Guide Business Leaders Confirm data accuracy/ completeness Vote priorities for development/acquisition Roll up T&D plans and budgets Learners – Overview of CAD Plan T&D T&D Suppliers Marketing data Derive K/S Create BOM for T&D product line Rationalize use (nonuse of existing T&D) Define T&D subassemblies Search for existing T&D or content specs Define T&D products Communicate CAD T&D Paths per audience segment Demand forecast for T&D

T&D Path Presents a visual of the suggested sequence of T&D Events Will need to be customized per individual Is a downselected list for a job title/family from the entire curriculum Events = “Product” for consumption/ administration

Individual T&D Planning Guide For use by the learner and their management to Do together or Manager to do first and then work out consensus with employee or Employee to do first and then work out consensus with manager

T&D Event Specs Product Specification

T&D Module Specs Product Subassembly Specification

Roles within the CAD Process Organize key customers/stake-holder personnel for project success The members of the T&D Team are involved with all other CAD teams as appropriate to the project’s situation and specific Project Plan Organize key T&D personnel for project success

Project Steering Team Role Own the project and make key decisions at various project milestones/review points Responsibilities Review/critique and revise the Project Plan Select candidate members for the Analysis Team Review/critique the Analysis Report data and preliminary recommendations Review/critique the CAD documentation Review/critique the Implementation Plan Membership Client/logical project owner Business stakeholders representatives who will be impacted by the project and eventual T&D to be developed and deployed Project Steering Team 3 days

Analysis Team Role Responsibilities Membership 3 days Provide real-world input regarding the target audience’s expected performance and the enabling knowledge/skills required Responsibilities Identify the key outputs/metrics, tasks, and roles/ responsibilities of ideal performance Identify the typical gaps in performance and likely causes of the gaps Membership Master performers Subject matter experts Analysis Team 3 days

Design Team Role Responsibilities 3 days Membership Provide input and feedback during the design of the CAD outputs Responsibilities Define the individual T&D Modules Assign each T&D Module to a T&D Module Inventory Framework tier level Establish prerequisite relationships for the individual T&D Modules/Events Cluster T&D Modules into T&D Events Define T&D Paths for the target populations Membership Design Team members will be recruited from the Analysis Team Design Team 3 days

Implementation Planning Team Role Establish the development (implementation) costs for the priority T&D Modules and Events Responsibilities Prioritize the gap T&D Modules and Events* Establish the development costs for the gap T&D Modules and Events Membership T&D staff To establish development costs PST or Analysis or Design Team members to Establish priorities Understand the data/rationale behind the development cost estimates Implemen-tation Planning Team 1 day *May be done by the PST in the Phase 3 gate review meeting

Training & Development Customers/stakeholders T&D Team Role Conduct the actual ISD work of the project; this team will be composed of T&D personnel T&D Team Training & Development “owns the process” Customers/stakeholders “own the content”

Analysis/Design Team Participants All PACT Processes are best accomplished via participative, facilitated team analysis and team design methodologies* using . . . Subject matter experts (SMEs) Master performers (MPs) Novice performers (NPs) (6-12 months job experience) Management and supervisory personnel (M&Ss) PACT Processes . . . to analyze the work performance requirements and knowledge/skill requirements, specify CAD design criteria, and spec out the T&D Modules and T&D Events *The project can also be accomplished via individual analysis interviews and document reviews, but at increased costs and cycle times

CAD Benefits for T&D Customers and Suppliers Improved T&D quality and effectiveness due to its focus on human performance requirements within business processes Reduced T&D life-cycle costs due to modular design and the ability to use predefined tools and templates during analysis and design Reduced cycle time due to the use of predefined roles and responsibilities, tasks, inputs, and outputs These benefits produce improvements in T&D quality, delivery time, and cost—better, faster, cheaper

Situational Assessment: Is a CAD Right for Your Organization? Supplier Situation Customer Situation Learner Stakeholder T&D product line is simply a collection of courses not linked to job performance expectations Unsure of “learners’” performance application requirements Redundant content throughout courses Difficult to manage course content changes across T&D product line Unsure about what T&D to take and when in overall learning/development cycle Courses do not teach application of concepts/ theories at the real-world job task level Levels 3 and 4 suffer Underperforming staff in business critical/ strategic areas T&D systems perceived as Not strategic Not systematic Out of control Not targeted with ROI and EVA in mind Decisions based on opinions versus data

Session Summary and Close A performance-based CAD is the systems design/definition of a T&D product line built on unique and shareable T&D Modules A performance-based CAD is the product of a “lean-ISD” methodology A “gated” process Engages key stakeholders at critical process steps Reduces total life cycle costs of the product line Please complete the session evaluations. Thank you.

CAD: References and Resources “Planning a Curriculum,” Ray Svenson, Training and Development Journal, October 1978 “How to Build a Training Structure that Won’t Keep Burning Down,” Doug McKenna, Ray Svenson, Karen Kennedy, Guy Wallace, Training Magazine, September 1984 “Using a Group Process to Create Models and Matrices,” Ray Svenson, Karen Kennedy, Guy Wallace, Performance & Instruction Journal, November 1984 “Designing the Performance-based Management Curriculum,” Ray Svenson, not published, November 1986 Related articles available on our Web site at CADDI.com “Performance Modeling for lean-ISD” “PACT Facilitation” “Areas of Performance” “Developing Performance-based Curriculum Architecture Using a Group Process” “lean-ISD via the PACT Processes for T&D”