Computer Literacy: A New Approach

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Presentation transcript:

Computer Literacy: A New Approach Ken Baldauf Florida State University

Session Topics Computer Literacy: A Retrospective College Requirements Curriculum Considerations The State of Technology Job Market Demands Today’s Technically Savvy Student Computer Literacy Defined A New Approach

Professional Profile Ken Baldauf FSU Computer Science faculty member BA in Music, MS in Computer Science Eight years teaching Computer Literacy @ FSU Over 5,000 students annually CGS2060: Computer Literacy CGS2100: MicroApps for Business Assisted by 30 teaching assistants

Computer Literacy: A Retrospective Stretching to Accommodate Trends and Growth

Computer Literacy Circa 1996 Traditional Definition Computer Literacy: A working knowledge of personal computers Skills focused Supported by Concepts

Computer Literacy Circa1996 Traditional Definition Skills DOS/Windows File Management Email (Elm) Internet/Web MS Works Word Processing Spreadsheets Databases Concepts PC Components PC Software PC Multimedia LAN The Internet & Web Security

Changes Over Time 1996 Implemented computer-based concepts testing 1997 Moved to MS Office 1998 Added Web-based versions to accommodate experienced students and classroom space issues. Organizational restructuring. 1998 Implemented computer-based skills testing. Goal: consistent exams across classes and teachers

Changes Over Time 1999 Started using Blackboard 2000 FSU implemented Computer Competency Requirement – developed university-wide testing system. 2002 Moved from Office textbooks to CBT. What’s Next?

College Requirements Setting the Bar

Does your institution have such a requirement? College Requirements University’s and accreditation agencies have recognized the value of computer knowledge and skills in all career areas. Requirements are being imposed to verify that students are acquiring computer knowledge and skills prior to graduation. Does your institution have such a requirement?

FSU’s Requirements FSU’s Computer Skills Competency Requirement All undergraduates at The Florida State University must demonstrate basic computer competency prior to graduation. The computer competency requirement may be satisfied be taking an approved course, or exam. Regardless of the vehicle used to satisfy the computer competency requirement, students must demonstrate:

FSU’s Requirement Basic familiarity with computer hardware, operating systems, and file concepts; Working knowledge of a word processor or text editor and at least one other software application (e.g., spreadsheet, database, etc.); and Working knowledge of the World WideWeb (WWW) and electronic mail.

OSU’s Requirement Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education policy requires that students …must demonstrate computer proficiency for graduation with a bachelors degree. These skills include word processing, spreadsheet, email, and web use.

USU’s Requirements Ethics Test Email Test Operating Systems Test Document Processing Test Information Resources Test Spreadsheets Test

NC State’s Requirement The following may be used to fulfill computer literacy instruction: instruction and assignments required within courses, and/or required use of a computer to complete assignments.

Princeton’s Requirements No computer requirement or intro applications course. One gen ed course: Computer Science 109:Computers in Our World taught by Brian Kernighan (inventor of C) Princeton provides applications training through Resident Computer Coordinators (RCCs) that assist students with computing questions.

College Requirements Clearly colleges have differing opinions on what computer literacy is and what should be required of their students. min max

The Problem College-wide requirements tend to result in: Lowest common denominator specifications with minimal expectations Lots of administrative overhead

FSU’s Solution Move the responsibility of defining computer literacy down to the department level, subject to college approval. Departments may select already approved courses or develop one of their own.

College Requirements Requirements will come and go. They will require less than we, the experts in the field, feel is appropriate. Our focus should be on providing our students with the knowledge and skills that we believe they will need through our courses and teaching.

Designing the Course Influences on the design of a Computer Literacy class include: An evaluation of the relative importance of varying aspects of technology Goals of the institution - the target job market Knowledge of the student’s level of experience

Evaluating The State of Technology These are the days of miracles and wonders….

Yesterday’s PC

Today’s PC Gateway’s Gaming PC

Today’s PC Gateway’s Profile 5

Today’s PC Gateway’s Media PC

Today’s PC Apple PowerBook G4

Today’s PC Tablet PC

Today’s PC Flip-start from Vulcan

Today’s PC PalmOne’s Treo-600

Today’s PC The PC has morphed into a variety information appliances of every size for every need with a strong focus on the ability to connect.

Connecting Wireless connectivity makes it possible to access information from servers or individuals anywhere, anyplace, anytime. W-fi, Bluetooth & Ad-hoc Wireless Networks

Connecting The SmartPhone Bridging Phone/Internet Pervasive Communications M-commerce

Connecting The power of connecting is transforming our society.

Connecting Joseph Estrada leaves the presidential palace on Jan. 20, 2001 after resigning earlier in the day. Jan 20, 2001, Philippines: More than 1 million Manila residents, mobilized and coordinated by waves of text messages, peacefully toppled the regime.

Sentient Things Cutting Board Web Browser HP’s SPECs (Small Personal Everyday Computer)

Sentient Things RFID: Giving material objects memory and a voice.

Sentient Things From Howard Rheingold’s “Smart Mobs” Information and communications technologies are starting to invade the physical world. Shards of sentient silicon will be inside boxtops and dashboards, pens, street corners, bus stops, money, most things manufactured or built, within the next 10 years. A shirt label will gain the power to disclose what airplanes, trucks, and ships carried it, what substances compose it, and the URL of the webcam in the factory where the shirt was manufactured.

Sentient Things About the size of a grain of rice, the VeriChip is injected beneath the skin and transmits a unique 125-kilohertz radio frequency signal. Solusat, the Mexican distributor of the VeriChip, is marketing the device as an emergency ID tag under its new VeriKid program.

Pervasive Digital Photography

GPS Global Positioning System (GPS) Showing us the best route and keeping track of kids. Wherify GPS Locator for Children

Virtual and Augmented Reality Augmented Reality: The layering of additional information over sensory input.

The State of techology… …has dramatically changed since 1996. Centering a curriculum around the Desktop PC seriously under-equips students for the challenges they will face.

Preparing Students to shoulder the load Work/Life Demands Preparing Students to shoulder the load

Computational Function Microsoft Office Microsoft Office skills remain overwhelmingly the most desirable application skills for non-IT staff. A search on Monster.com turns up over 5,000 hits each for keywords “Word”, “Excel”, “Access”, and “Powerpoint”. Office also serves well to illustrate to students four primary uses of computers Program Computational Function Word Document Production Excel Mathematical and Logical Calculations Access Data Storage and Manipulation PowerPoint Vector (Object-Oriented) Graphics

Certification Employers hiring in positions that depend on specific application skills like to have proof of skills. “College certified” may be a cheaper alternative.

Beyond Microsoft Office Many careers also require familiarity with a variety of digital communications and networking technologies: Internet, Email, IM, Web LAN, Intranet Virtual Private Network (VPN) Wi-fi Voice over IP SmartPhone Technologies College graduates require a technology comfort-level that exceeds that acquired through casual use.

Beyond Microsoft Office Many careers require computer skills other than Microsoft Office: Personal Information Management Web Development Graphics Animation

Programming Skills? An understanding of system and application development demonstrates problem-solving skills. Non-tech users are becoming increasingly involved in system and software development in businesses and organizations. Why? They understand the problems at hand They are increasingly technically savvy Software development tools are increasingly easier to use Programmers are not able to keep up with organization demands

Technology @ Home An understanding of digital technologies is equally important in our personal lives: High Speed Internet Access Home Wi-fi Networking Digital photography and video Digital Entertainment Media The complexity of digital technology is outpacing the industry’s ability to make it “user frienly”.

Summary Information and communication technologies are integral to the success of businesses and individuals. Employers in all career areas realize the importance of an employee’s ability to APPLY computer knowledge to resolve problems and increase effectiveness and efficiency.

Technically Savvy Student

Know Your Students Survey of my 2,200 incoming students revealed: 100% have used Email 99% have used Microsoft Word 96% of students own computers 88% have used Instant Messaging 53% have used Microsoft Excel 69% have used Microsoft PowerPoint 90% of students own cell phones 51% use SMS text messaging 71% of students acquire their music from file-sharing networks or from friends Only 27% purchase music new on CD

Seeking the one true definition Computer Literacy Seeking the one true definition

National Study Report: Being Fluent with Information Technology - 1999 National Research Council, Committee on Information Technology Literacy “Literacy is too modest a goal in the presence of rapid change, because it lacks the necessary "staying power.“ As the technology changes by leaps and bounds, existing skills become antiquated and there is no migration path to new skills. ”

FITness Report “Fluency with information technology entails a process of lifelong learning in which individuals continually apply what they know to adapt to change and acquire more knowledge to be more effective at applying information technology to their work and personal lives.” “Fluency with information technology requires three kinds of knowledge: contemporary skills, foundational concepts, and intellectual capabilities.”

Concerns about FITness The general approach presented in FITness is solid (skills, concepts, capabilities). The amount of skills and concepts included in the approach require twice the amount of time as traditional intro classes. Some implementations of FITness include significant amounts of programming.

Designing A New Approach Bending Over Backwards for Our Students

Desirable Skills What skills should we be teaching to non-tech majors? Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with GUI Spreadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages What skills should we be teaching to non-tech majors? Consider all possible intro-level skills and student interests.

Familiar Skills Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with Word or Netscape Speadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages Consider providing outside-of-class tutorials for skills that are familiar to most students. Provide a study guide and test for all students.

Combining Skills Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with Word or Netscape Speadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages Combining applications into projects demonstrates the interoperability of software and skills. Web research, word processing, and Web authoring combine for an interesting project.

Combining Skills Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with Word or Netscape Speadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages The PowerPoint assignment can be used to demonstrate integration between Office applications (created with an outline in Word, import an excel chart). Graphics and Web development are naturally complimentary skills. Web Design

Ala Carte Skills Required Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with Word or Netscape Speadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages Some skills can be offered ala carte, keeping the basic core skills mandatory. Choose 2 Choose 1

Tracks Special-focus tracks can be designed. MS Office Track Required Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with Word or Netscape Speadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages Special-focus tracks can be designed. MS Office Track Graphics Track Web Development Database/Web Dev

2 Course Sequence Comp Lit 1 Windows and/or Mac File Management Email Outlook (PIM) Web Research Word Processing Web Authoring with Word or Netscape Speadsheets Databases PowerPoint Graphics (Adobe Illustrator) Digital Photo Editing (Photoshop) HTML/Dreamweaver Macromedia Flash JavaScript Data Access Pages Create a two course sequence. Students that complete both courses will have a powerful arsenal of skills. Comp Lit 2

Concepts “Concepts” provide the foundation from which a real understanding of digital technologies and information systems can arise. Information System and Digital Electronics Concepts

Concepts It is the “Concepts” portion of the course that provides students with an understanding of important technologies. Digital Communications The world(s) around us Computing Platforms New Technologies Social Implications Wireless Networks Digital Media Information System and Digital Electronics Concepts

Concepts Most importantly, “Concepts” assist students in understanding how to apply technology, information systems, and skills toward their personal and professional success. Information System and Digital Electronics Concepts

Concepts Digital Data Representation Hardware Software Networking Information System and Digital Electronics Concepts

Concepts Internet/Web Info Security/Ethics Multimedia Database/Info Mng Information System and Digital Electronics Concepts

Concepts E-commerce Information Systems Sys/Prog Dev Information System and Digital Electronics Concepts

Concepts can be boring… …or they can REVEAL important insight for your students. WARNING! Cheesy Mnemonic Approaching Those with little tolerance for Cheesy Mnemonics should momentarily close their eyes and cover their ears.

Concepts can be boring… …or they can REVEAL important insight for your students. Relevant – Cover contemporary Issues of interest to the students, pertinent to their future careers. Examples – Show students how technology is assisting others professionally and personally. Valuable – Omit any topics that aren’t of relative value. Bits and Bytes are of value, ISA, PCI, and AGP slots are not. Energize – Energize your lectures with guest speakers, games, and group discussions. Pop quizzes don’t hurt either. All Encompassing – Avoid platform bias. Cover everything from Super computers to SmartPhones. Love Love what you do! Enthusiasm is contagious!!

The New Approach @ FSU

The New Approach Two semesters of Computer Literacy: CompLit 1 and CompLit 2 CompLit 1 (or equivalent) a prerequisite for CompLit 2 Departments can require one or both for their students

CompLit 1 & CompLit 2 CompLit 1 Skills CompLit 2 Skills Microsoft Windows Managing Files E-mail Web Research Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel Microsoft Access Microsoft PowerPoint Application Integration Creating a Webpage with Word CompLit 2 Skills Intro to Unix Web Authoring: Intro to XHTML Macromedia DreamWeaver Macromedia Fireworks Macromedia Flash Microsoft Access Data Access Pages Intro to JavaScript

CompLit 1 & CompLit 2 CompLit 1 Concepts CompLit 2 Concepts Digital Data Representation Hardware Software Networking Internet/Web Multimedia Info Security/Ethics CompLit 2 Concepts Database Systems E-commerce Computer Graphics Multimedia Information Systems Systems Development Software Development Info Security/Ethics

Goal Students who complete both courses will have the technical skills and understanding needed to succeed and an awesome resume!

The New Approach Summary Skills Play to the majority, outsource the deficiencies Provide for interests other than MS Office Build a general understanding of computer capabilities

The New Approach Summary Concepts Use a “digital technology” focus. Devote time to technologies relative to their importance in today’s society. Focus on usability with plenty of examples. Illustrate how technology empowers individuals in professional and personal endeavors.

Thanks for your time. Questions? Feel free to pick up handouts on your way out: The New Approach Specifications “News Resources for Tech Teachers” reference sheet Ken Baldauf Florida State University baldauf@cs.fsu.edu 850-644-5832 http://lit.cs.fsu.edu http://www.kenbaldauf.com

Web References FSU’s Computer Literacy Website http://lit.cs.fsu.edu Ken Baldauf’s Professional Website http://www.kenbaldauf.com FSU’s Computer Skills Requirement http://websrv.cs.fsu.edu/academics/compcomp.html Oklahoma State’s Requirement http://cheminfo.chem.ou.edu/undergraduate/complit.html Utah State’s Computer Technology Tests http://cil.usu.edu/comptech/ NC State’s Requirement http://www.ncsu.edu/provost/academic_programs/ger/cominfo/req.htm Princeton’s Computer Science 109:Computers in Our World http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall03/cs109/ The Media Center PC http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/mediacenter/default.asp

Web References The Tablet PC http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/tabletpc/default.asp FlipStart PC from Vulcan http://www.flipstartpc.com Bluetooth http://www.bluetooth.com M-Commerce for All http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/archive/29477.html "The Cell Phone and the Crowd: Messianic Politics in the Contemporary Philippines" http://communication.ucsd.edu/people/f_rafael_cellphonerev_files.htm HP’s SPECs (Small Personal Everyday Computer) - ubiquitous http://www.fireflydesign.com/consulting/computing.pdf RFID http://www.rfidjournal.com/

Web References Tracking Junior With a Microchip http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,60771,00.html Applied Digital Solutions (Verichip, and Digital Angel) http://www.adsx.com/index.html Smart Mobs http://www.smartmobs.com Wherify GPS Locator for Children http://www.wherifywireless.com/corp_home.htm Augmented Reality http://hci.rsc.rockwell.com/AugmentedReality/ “Being Fluent with Information Technology” Report http://books.nap.edu/html/beingfluent/