Unit 3: Biochemistry & Plants

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Unit 3: Biochemistry & Plants
Advertisements

Biochemistry. The basics Element: substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances. Contains ONLY ONE TYPE OF ATOM Element: substance.
Biochemistry Chapter 2. Matter Anything that occupies space and has mass Mass The quantity of matter an object has.
1 The Chemical basis for Life (continued) What holds atoms together? Ionic bonds  Attraction between oppositely charged ions (atoms or molecules)  Weak.
Environmental Chemistry
___________ is a substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics. Competitive.
 Subatomic particles  Nucleus Proton Neutron Quarks  Electrons Outside the nucleus Different distances (levels, clouds) Move randomly  Size.
ESCS Review. Composition of Matter (Review) Matter – anything that takes up space, and has mass. Mass – the quantity of matter an object has. Element.
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life Mr. Grivensky/Mr. Rutkoski.
Atom Simplest particle of an element Properties of atom determine the structure and properties of elements.
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life. atom I. atom-smallest part of an element.
Chemistry Of Life KEY CONCEPT All living things are based on atoms and their interactions.
Chapter 2.  The smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of the element.
Atoms & Properties of Water Sections 2.1 & Atoms, Ions, & Molecules Key Concept: All living things are based on atoms and their interactions.
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life. 2-1 The Nature of Matter Living things are made of chemical compounds Atom = the basic unit of matter - made of protons.
Chemistry J. Cauthers Living Environment Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of ALL matter. Cannot be subdivided any further, through chemical means.
Chemistry of Life Matter… Energy… Life…. Objectives Objectives: A.Explain the nature of matter; B.Discuss the importance of water and solutions; C.Break.
The Nature of Matter Chapter 2. Atoms  Smallest particle of an element  Structure of the atom  Nucleus:  Protons (+)  Neutrons (no charge)  Orbital.
Chemistry of Life.
Section 1: Atoms, Elements and Compounds.  Elements pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically  There are 4 main elements that make up 90%
 Determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in each of the following  Fluorine-20  Helium-4  Which of those compounds is an isotope?
Organic Chemistry Bingo What is it called when a portion of a molecule is negative and another portion is positive? Polar.
1 2 It Matters! 3 Energy 4 Chemical Bonds 5 Water properties.
Atomic Structure Review Atoms are the simplest form of matter. The center is called the nucleus The area outside the nucleus is the cloud.
Chemistry of Life. How small is an atom?  Placed side by side, 100 million atoms would make a row only about 1 centimeter long About the width of your.
Chapter 4 Chemical Basis of Life Everything consists of matter (biotic and abiotic) Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass Matter is composed.
Ch 2 The Chemistry of Life Students know most macromolecules (polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids) in cells and organisms are synthesized.
Chemistry of Life. Chemistry Life depends on chemistry Life depends on chemistry Living things are made from chemical compounds Living things are made.
47 Ag Change # of Electrons Change # of Neutrons Add atom Change # of Protons Atomic # = # of __________ Element Symbol Equal to = # protons+
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life.
Chapter 6 Chemistry of Life.
The chemical basis of Life
All living things use it
Unit 2: Biochemistry HIGHLIGHTS
Ch.2-1 Nature of Matter Chemistry of life.
Chemistry of Life Chapter 2.
Chemistry of LIFE.
ACADEMIC BIOLOGY BASIC CHEMISTRY NOTES
THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE Organic chemistry – the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms.
BIOCHEMISTRY JEOPARDY
Building Blocks of Life
Chemistry of Life Ms. Rosendo Biology 10th B.
Atomic Mass - ________________
Basic Chemistry and Water
Chapter 6 Review Chemisty of Life
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life.
The Chemistry of Life Chapter 2.
10/08/09 Chemistry Review.
Chemistry of Life Ms. Rosendo Biology 10th B.
9/1/2017 the Chemistry of Life.
Chemistry of LIFE.
Unit 2: Biochemistry The Chemistry of Life.
Chapter 2: The Chemical Basis of Life
9/1/2017 THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE.
Chemistry of Biology.
Chapter 2: Chemistry of life
Chemistry of Life Matter… Energy… Life….
The Chemistry of Life Unit One Biology Notes.
The Chemical Basis of Life
Atomic Mass - ________________
Chemistry of Life Chapter 2.
Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life.
The Chemistry of Life.
It Matters!. It Matters! Organic Compounds Chemical Bonds.
Biology Basic Chemistry.
Science Jeopardy! Subatomic Particles Bonds
Atomic Structure of an Atom
The Nature of Matter.
THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE Organic chemistry – the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms.
Presentation transcript:

Unit 3: Biochemistry & Plants

Atoms & Elements c) Atom Structure An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or physical means. An element is made of 1 type of Atom! A compound consists of 2 or more elements that have been chemically combined. All Organic compounds contain the element Carbon. Compounds that do NOT contain Carbon are called Inorganic compounds. c) Atom Structure Nucleus = Protons & Neutrons Outside of Nucleus = Electrons

The atomic number does NOT change. The mass number will change if the number of neutrons changes (called an Isotope). The atomic number does NOT change.

IONS Lose Electron = Positively Charged Ion Gain Electron = Negatively Charged Ion

Chemical Bonds Chemical Bonds are formed because of ELECTRONS. Covalent bonds SHARE electrons & are very STRONG. Ionic bonds TRANSFER electrons & are WEAKER because they form IONS. Hydrogen bonds are formed because of electrical CHARGES instead of electrons. They are very WEAK.

Isotopes Isotopes have different numbers of NEUTRONS but the same number of PROTONS so the atomic MASS is different.

0-6 = Acid 7 = Neutral 8-14 = Base pH is the measurement of ACIDITY because it measures the concentration of H+ ions in the solution. The “lower” the pH, the higher the concentration is of H+ so the substance is a stronger ACID. The “higher” the pH, the lower the concentration is of H+ so the substance is a stronger BASE. At a pH of 7, the concentration of H+ and OH- ions is EQUAL, so the pH is NEUTRAL. 0-6 = Acid 7 = Neutral 8-14 = Base

and divide the number of OH- ions by 10 (move decimal to left). DECREASE by pH by 1 (make more ACIDIC)= multiply the number of H+ ions by 10 (move decimal to right) and divide the number of OH- ions by 10 (move decimal to left). (do the opposite for increasing the pH)

Compounds that contain Carbon are called ORGANIC Compounds that do NOT contain Carbon are called INORGANIC POLYMERS are made of MONOMERS

Compounds that contain Carbon are called ORGANIC Compounds that do NOT contain Carbon are called INORGANIC POLYMERS are made of MONOMERS

Muscle

Saturated Fatty Acids ONLY have Single Bonds between the Carbons. Unsaturated have at least 1 double bond.

Monosaccharides = Simple Sugars (glucose & fructose) Disaccharides = 2 simple sugars joined together (sucrose & lactose) Polysaccharides = Starches; many simple sugars joined together Plant Starch = Cellulose Animal Starch = Glycogen

Properties of Water Polarity = one side of the molecule is SLIGHTLY POSITIVE and the other side is SLIGHTLY NEGATIVE. H2O = The 2H are Positive and O is Negative BECAUSE the electrons are NOT shared equally! Polarity creates ALL of the other properties of water!

PROPERTIES OF WATER Cohesion & Adhesion happen because of POLARITY. Adhesion is when water molecules adhere (stick) to OTHER SUBSTANCES Cohesion is when water molecules adhere (stick) to OTHER WATER MOLECULES Cohesion & Adhesion both create SURFACE TENSION. They also contribute to CAPILLARY ACTION (allows water to CLIMB) AND IONIZATION (which contributes to water being the UNIVERSAL SOLVENT). Pure water has a NEUTRAL pH because there is the SAME concentration of H+ ions as OH- ions.

Adhesion & Universal Solvent Properties of Water Surface Tension Adhesion & Universal Solvent Capillary Action Cohesion POLARITY!!!!

Transpiration = Evaporation of Water From the Leaves of Plants

TRANSPIRATION

Transpiration & Photosynthesis Photosynthesis happens in the LEAVES of PLANTS Transpiration carries water to the leaves so that Photosynthesis can happen.

3) 6) 2) 5) 1) 4) 7) Photosynthesis Photosynthesis Equation 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light  C6H12O6 + 6O2 3) 6) 2) 5) 1) 4) 7)

R Flower Structure Flowers are the Reproductive Organs of plants. The Stamen contains the “male” gametes (pollen). The Pistil contains the “female” gametes (ovum)

Leaf Structure Most Chloroplasts are in the leaves SO most of the Glucose & Oxygen are made in the leaves.