My Man Chris 2 Conquest of Mexico New Spain Longitude And Latitude Take a Chance! 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500

This is why Christopher Columbus sailed west on his first expedition

He was convinced he could find a faster all-water trade route to the East Indies

These are two reasons why Columbus made additional voyages to the West Indies

He wanted to bring riches to Spain, he wanted to start a colony in the lands he claimed for Spain, and he wanted to bring animals and people from Europe to the new land

This is the definition of the Columbian Exchange

The moving of people, animals, goods, ways of life, and ideas between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

This happened as a result of the Columbian Exchange

Europeans brought cattle, sheep, pigs, horses to the Western Hemisphere as well as disease (which killed many natives). The natives showed Europeans corn, potatoes, tomatoes, cocoa, and beans

This was the BIG impact Columbus’s voyages had on the Americas

Europeans now had a route to the Americas, resulting in more European exploration

These are three factors that helped Hernando Cortes defeat the Aztec Empire

Cortes was mistaken as a god and was welcomed into the empire Cortes was mistaken as a god and was welcomed into the empire. He had horses, metal armour, muskets, and native allies willing to fight the Aztecs

This explorer conquered the Inca Empire after Cortes conquered the Aztecs

Francisco Pizarro of Spain

This is the name the Spanish gave their new colony after the fall of the Incan Empire

Peru

Because Cabeza de Vaca traveled to the American Southwest, this happened

Spain began a search for gold in North America

After Esteban was killed by the Zuni people while on Francisco Coronado’s exploration of the American Southwest, This is what Coronado did

He continued to look for the fabled 7 Cities of Gold (Cibola)

Describe colonial society in New Spain

Society was organized on ancestry Society was organized on ancestry. Those coming from Spain- peninsulares- had the greatest status and power. Those who had no Spanish blood were lowest in power

This is how Las Casas felt about the Indians working on the encomiendas

Las Casas wanted the mistreatment and enslavement of the Indians to end

This is why Spanish landowners wanted to use slaves for work

The work the slaves did made the Spanish lots of money!

Describe the Indian’s life on an encomienda

They were expected to convert to Christianity They were expected to convert to Christianity. They were over-worked and not paid. Many died of starvation and disease.

This is the order of New Spain’s Colonial society from most powerful people to least powerful

Most powerful to least: Peninsulares (born in Spain), creoles (100% Spanish, born in New Spain), mestizos (1/2 Indian ½ Spanish, Africans and Indians

This is the name of imaginary navigation lines that run North or South of the Equator (the lines that run east-west). This is the name of lines that run east or west of the Prime Meridian (the lines that run north-south)

Latitude lines run west – east and go north or south of the Equator. Longitude lines run north - south and go east or west of the Prime Meridian

This is what the symbol means in 35 S means and this is what the “S” means

Degrees and South

What is the range in longitude of South America

About 40 degrees West to 80 degrees West

Give the latitude and longitude of point G

40 degrees N and 100 degrees W

Slide 41

This is how Spain became one of the most powerful countries in the world in the 1600s

Spain seized land in the New World and established settlements that brought them profits. The profits from the plantations and mines in the colonies helped make Spain one of the richest and most powerful nations in the world

This is how the people of the Incan and Aztec empires probably felt about the fall of their empires to the Spainish

They probably feared their way of life would end and for their safety They probably feared their way of life would end and for their safety. They may have thought there might be good opportunities to advance and become part of the new culture

Explain why archaeologists find evidence of the Aztec empire right in the middle of Mexico City

Mexico City was built on the ruins of the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlan

This is how the Indian allies Cortes was able to get helped him conquer the Aztecs

The Indian allies helped the Spanish communicate with tribes, get directions, and get food, shelter, supplies, and additional forces to attack the Aztecs

Describe the series of events that led to the Columbian Exchange

Spain sent Columbus on an expedition to find an easier trade route to the Indies. He discovered a new land. On later expeditions, he brought people, animals, and other supplies with him to start a colony. Spain started the colony of New Spain. Goods, people, ideas, and animals then went back and forth between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres