Speciation Geographic isolation of populations

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Presentation transcript:

Speciation Geographic isolation of populations Can lead to Reproductive isolation of population New Species (unable to breed when together)

Pre-zygotic Barriers Habitat isolation Land garter snake Water garter snake

Geographic Isolation Members of a population may become isolated from one another by geographic boundaries like mountains, rivers or even oceans

Behavioral Isolation Firefly flash pattern is species specific. A mutation which changes the pattern will isolate that population.

Temporal Isolation Rainbow Trout Brown Trout

Gametic Isolation

Mechanical Isolation

Post Zygotic Barriers Reduced hybrid viability

Reproductive Isolation

Reduced Hybrid Fertility Mules – hybrid horse and donkey

Hybrid Breakdown F2 generation shows mortality or infertility

Modes of Speciation Allopatric speciation

Grand Canyon Barrier

Sympatric Speciation

Genetic Mutation Speciation

Evolutionary Rates

Gradualism

Convergent Evolution

Divergent Evolution

Macro-Evolution

Micro-Evolution Small changes; change in gene frequencies, appearance of subspecies

One gene can have many effects When a mutation in one gene can cause multiple phenotypic effects. Selection for tameness (low adrenaline production) in the silver fox led to changes in coat color, ear shape and behavior Pet foxes?