Reasons for doubting the existence of God

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Presentation transcript:

Reasons for doubting the existence of God Theist Believes in God Atheist – There is no God Agnostic – Don’t know if there is a God

The Medieval and Renaissance world view 500 CE – 1600 CE A few thousand years ago God created the World and human beings in a pretty short period of time God, or other heavenly powers, directly controls natural and heavenly phenomena

The Enlightenment 1600-1800 CE The Rise of Modern science Scientific thinking replaces supernatural causes (demons, gods, witches, etc) with natural ones (weather patterns, gravity, germs) A move from pre-scientific to scientific thought: two examples a) witches, b) vampires

Pre-modern thinking

Physics ….. Biology Newton 1687 Darwin 1859

Darwin’s theory of Evolution Theory: All living things on this earth evolved from one single common ancestor. And they evolved through a process of natural selection

Argument for Darwin’s theory Organisms reproduce and their reproductions differ a little bit from them (mutation) Some mutations are advantageous in the environment an organism finds itself in, some are not. The organisms with an advantage pass on their traits, the one’s without an advantage die off Eventually the changes are big enough that we have a brand new species

The Science Argument P1: God is an explanation for the existence of our world P2: But science can now explain everything in our world with purely natural mechanical explanations P3: So (From P1 + P2) God is not needed to explain to our world P4: We should not use unnecessary explanations C: We should not use God as an explanation for our world

Possible responses to the science argument Deny the science Resort to the “God of the Gaps” Belief in God is not about an explanation for why things exist, but about experiences of God

The Problem of Evil (Pain & Suffering) P1: God is said to be all-knowing, all-powerful, and perfectly loving and good P2: God must know about all pain suffering P3: God could prevent all pain and suffering P4: God would want to prevent all pain and suffering P5: There is a ton of pain and suffering ----------------------------------------------------- C: There is probably no God

Responses to the problem of evil God has a good reason for allowing all this pain and suffering. here’s the reason (theodicy) There must be a reason but I don’t know what it is God influences the world and people in it. God strives to bring about good things, but there are limits to God’s power; there are things God just can’t stop.