The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929 Chapter 28 The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929

Causes of world war 1

Causes of World War I Militarism Alliances Maintenance of standing armies Inflexible militarization plans Alliances Triple Alliance = Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Triple Entente = Britain, France, Russia Cause = Germany’s determination to dominate Europe; Germany joined w/ Austria-Hungary in 1882 & began building “dreadnoughts” to challenge British navy (same year France allied w/ Russia); Entente = understanding; Militarization based around railroad timetables;

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Causes of World War I Nationalism Imperialism the belief that one state is naturally superior to all other states Imperialism Germany’s desire to expand Tensions from imperial competition

Causes of World War I Assassination July 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria-Hungary) was killed by a Serbian nationalist Led to A.H. declaring war on Serbia, thus sparking the series of alliances in Europe

The 1911 Gräf & Stift Bois de Boulogne tourer in which Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were riding at the time of their assassination

Gavrilo Princip captured in Sarajevo 1914

The “Great War” 1914 - 1918

Start of World War I Germany instigated the war by invading neutral Belgium, then France Schlieffen Plan Failed as a result of the Western Front Trench warfare led to a four-year stalemate between Germany & France

Schlieffen Plan Reading & Analysis Group pause Schlieffen Plan Reading & Analysis

Predict what life was like on the western front

Trench Warfare

Sit Under Your desks

Group pause Trench Life Reading. How many people do you think died of diseases as opposed to combat wounds?

World war I Warfare Changes in warfare Machine guns & poison gas Trench warfare created a battle of attrition Massive casualty rates Heroic notion of war disappeared

Briefly summarize the 5 battles. 3 sentences tops! Group pause Briefly summarize the 5 battles. 3 sentences tops!

The homefront “Total War” Civilians involved in the war effort Mobilization of all of a state’s resources for the purpose of waging war Civilians involved in the war effort Women entered positions previously reserved for men Governments controlled industry Rationing Colonial subjects served alongside their home countries Ex. ANZAC troops Propaganda was used to reinforce evilness of enemy Allies take German holdings in Africa England & France use their colonial subjects

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxfZkMm3wcg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=idfd0g2oCrE

WORLD WAR I In the early years, US provided loans to allies 1917, US drawn into the war Germany’s declaration of unrestricted submarine warfare The Zimmerman Telegram US provided Allies with supplies & fresh troops November, 1918, Germany signed an armistice with Allied forces

The Effects of World WAR I

Group pause Treaty Activity 1. Read over the treaty. Highlight what happens to Germany & A-H. 2. Name & Describe Wilson’s Peace Treaty 3. Name the Big 4 4. Why were these areas upset with the treaty?: Japan, Italy, colonies, Germany

THE PEACE SETTLEMENTS 1918, Treaty of Versailles War guilt clause blamed Germany for the war Germany forced to pay reparations ($33 billion) Germany lost its colonies Alsace & Lorraine returned to France Germany’s military power limited

THE PEACE TREATIES League of Nations International organization for the promotion of peace Created by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson Ironically, the U.S. refused to join (they had become isolationists) Dealt with global communications, health & labor regulations

Other impacts of the war Austria-Hungary split up Russia lost many territories 1918 Flu Pandemic Anticolonial movements in Europe’s territories grew Middle Eastern Mandate System An entire generation of European men were killed; Russia lost Finland, Latvia, parts of Romania and Poland