CH 11: DNA, RNA, AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Advertisements

Protein Synthesis. The DNA Code The order of bases along the DNA strand codes for the order in which amino acids are chemically joined together to form.

Protein Synthesis. The DNA Code It is a universal code. The order of bases along the DNA strand codes for the order in which amino acids are chemically.

RNA. ________ are coded DNA instructions that control the ___________ of proteins. Genetic ______________ can be decoded by copying part of the ___________.

RNA and protein synthesis. RNA Single strand of nucleotides Sugar is ribose Uracil instead of thymine.

Chapter 12 Making Proteins. Differences between RNA and DNA DNA = double strand; RNA = single strand RNA contains Ribose instead of deoxyribose. RNA uses.

Chapter From DNA to Protein.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

3 types:  mRNA – used in transcription  tRNA – used in translation  rRNA – makes up ribosomes Composed of nucleotides  5 carbon sugar = ribose  phosphate.

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

RNA (ribonucleic acid) – single stranded nucleotide chain – ribose sugar – G-C and A-U – Uracil instead of Thymine – Different types: – mRNA, tRNA, rRNA.

How does DNA control cell activities?. Protein Production The sequence of nucleotides in DNA contains instructions for producing proteins. The sequence.

DNA to Protein Transcription & Translation.  What are these nucleotides telling us?  Sequence of nucleotides in DNA contains information to produce.

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation. Today’s Objectives Introduce Protein Synthesis Compare types of nucleic acid.

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation. DNA Transcription DNA must be copied to messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus mRNA travels from nucleus to the.

DNA & Protein Synthesis. Vocabulary terms to learn: gene messenger RNA (mRNA) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transfer RNA (tRNA) transcription RNA polymerase codon.

Objective: to understand RNA and transcription and translation 12.3.

8.4 Transcription KEY CONCEPT Transcription converts a gene into a single-stranded RNA molecule. NEW VOCABULARY (Def. on next 2 slides) Central Dogma RNA.

8.4 Transcription KEY CONCEPT Transcription converts a gene into a single-stranded RNA molecule.

RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter How are proteins made? In molecular terms, genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of.

Placed on the same page as your notes Warm-up pg. 48 Complete the complementary strand of DNA A T G A C G A C T Diagram 1 A T G A C G A C T T A A C T G.

From DNA to Proteins. DNA contains __________________ and the instructions for making ________. Why is DNA important? genetic information proteins.

Transcription & Translation. Objectives: Relate the concept of the gene to the sequences of nucleotides in DNA Sequence the steps involved in protein.

RNA and Transcription. Genes Genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell To decode the genetic message, you.

Notes: Transcription DNA vs. RNA

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

CH 12.3 RNA & Protein Synthesis.

RNA Ribonucleic Acid Single-stranded

Protein Synthesis.

(3) Gene Expression Gene Expression (A) What is Gene Expression?

DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis

How to Make a Protein?.

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

RNA & Protein Synthesis

DNA Transcription & Protein Translation

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

Transcription and Translation Chapter 12

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Ch.6s.2 Genetics: Protein Synthesis

DNA Molecules DeoxyriboNucleic Acid Sugar = Deoxyribose

Analyze the process of DNA replication.

From Genes to Proteins.

Protein Synthesis DNA codes for Proteins

RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions.

Transcription/ Translation Notes 16-17

RNA is a nucleic acid made of linked nucleotides.

RNA, Transcription, and Translation

From Genes to Proteins.

RNA, Protein Synthesis, Transcription, and Translation

List the steps of the dogma of DNA

DNA Transcription and Translation

DNA Replication Living Environment 2015.

Protein Synthesis.

RNA: another nucleic acid

Protein Synthesis.

Transcription & Translation

TRANSCRIPTION DNA mRNA.

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis.

Presentation transcript:

CH 11: DNA, RNA, AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

DNA: The molecule of heredity The sequence of nucleotides in DNA contain instructions for making proteins. DNA remains in the nucleus, but in order for it to get its instructions translated into proteins, it must send its message to the cytoplasm. Proteins are organic compounds composed of a long chain of amino acids.

Why are proteins important? What is a Protein Proteins are organic compounds composed of a long chain of amino acids. Why are proteins important? Hair, horns, nails, skin, muscles Enzymes-speed up metabolism Antibodies-fight disease Hemoglobin-carry oxygen in blood

From DNA to Protein There are two processes involved in converting DNA into proteins: Transcription-DNA serves as a blueprint for making RiboNucleic Acid or RNA. Translation-Proteins are made from the instructions on the RNA.

Comparing DNA and RNA RNA contains the sugar ribose; DNA contains deoxyribose. RNA has ONE strand; DNA has 2 strands. In RNA, the base Uracil (U) replaces Thymine (T).

From DNA to Protein Three types of RNA: Messenger RNA (mRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

TRANSCRIPTION (Read pg. 206) One strand of DNA is used as a template to create a strand of mRNA. RNA nucleotides pair with their complementary DNA nucleotides to make mRNA. DNA sequence reads T A G C T A A C C mRNA sequence A U C G A U U G G mRNA copies and carries the template from DNA (nucleus) to the ribosomes (cytoplasm).

Codon-Every set of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for an amino acid Each codon specifies one amino acid; more than one codon can specify the same amino acid.

Protein Synthesis AT-A-GLANCE

Translation (Read pg 208-209) Converts the message on mRNA into an amino acid chain. Step 1: Ribosomes composed of rRNA read the mRNA chain Step 2: tRNA carries (or transfers) the correct amino acid to the mRNA chain. Amino acid is determined by the mRNA codon. Step 3: the tRNA anticodon attaches to the mRNA codon by complementary base pairing. The amino acids link to form a chain The amino acid chain becomes a protein when it detaches from the ribosome.

Translation

Translation