Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Therapy for Severe Refractory Eosinophilic Asthma

Introduction

Measurement of Asthma Control According to 2006 GINA Guidelines: MAGIC Study

Asthma Control in Clinical Practice

Severe Asthma Is an Airway Disease

Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Asthma

GINA-Based Treatment Steps

Charcot-Robin-Leyden Crystals (Lysophospholipase From Eosinophils)

Charcot-Robin-Leyden Crystals (Lysophospholipase)

Curschmann's Spirals

What Does This Have to Do With Eosinophils?

Sputum Eosinophils

Peripheral Blood and Sputum Eosinophils as Biomarkers

Longitudinal Relationship Between Activated T Cells, Eosinophils, Cytokines, and Pulmonary Function

Clinical Profile of Patients With Asthma in the UK

GINA-Based Treatment Steps

Add-On Treatment to Discuss in Step 5

Anticytokines Against IL-5

Mepolizumab for Severe Eosinophilic Asthma (MENSA)

Reslizumab for Inadequately Controlled Asthma

Reslizumab for Inadequately Controlled Asthma (cont)

Change From Baseline in the Oral Glucocorticoid Dose and Asthma Exacerbations: ZONDA Trial

Anticytokines Against IL-5

Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Asthma

Severe Asthma Exacerbations on Dupilumab

Effect of SC Dupilumab on Nasal Polyp Burden in Patients With Chronic Sinusitis and Nasal Polyposis

Mechanisms of Eosinophilic Asthma

Clinical Trials: Omalizumab Reduced Asthma Exacerbation Rates

Clinical Trials: Persistence of Response to Omalizumab Can Be Predicted at 16 Weeks

EXALT: Eosinophilic Asthma Predicts Efficacy of Anti-IgE (Omalizumab) in Severe Allergic Asthma

Exacerbation Rate Reduction With Mepolizumab Baseline Blood Eosinophil Count

Anti-IL-5 Therapy in Eosinophilic Asthma

What Is the Relationship Between Blood Eosinophils and Severe Asthma Exacerbations?

Step 5: Management in Guidelines

Add-On Treatment to Discuss in Step 5

When to Use Biologics in Asthma

The Nasal Polyp Endotype

Effect of Mepolizumab on Total Polyps Score

Several (Interdependent) Determinants of Anti-IL-5 Clinical Response in Asthma

Blood Eosinophil Count Is a Useful Biomarker to Identify Patients With Severe Eosinophilic Asthma

Mepolizumab vs Placebo in the DREAM Trial

Conclusion

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