2A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA. DNA Replication (12.2) State Standards 2A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA. 2B. Explain the role of DNA in storing and transmitting cellular information.

Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Overview DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself in a process called _______________.

Semiconservative Replication Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Semiconservative Replication Parental strands of DNA separate, serve as __________, and produce DNA molecules that have one strand of _________ DNA and one strand of new DNA.

Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Step 1: Unwinding DNA __________, an enzyme, breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the base pairs together. It __________ and __________ the double helix, allowing new nucleotides to bind to the 2 single strands by base pairing.

Step 1: Unwinding Cont’d Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Step 1: Unwinding Cont’d As the double helix is unwound & unzipped, _____ __________ adds a short segment of RNA, called an RNA primer (starter), on each DNA strand.

Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Step 2: Base pairing _____ __________then adds complementary __________ to the chain. This continues until the entire molecule has been replicated.

Step 2: Base Pairing Cont’d Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Step 2: Base Pairing Cont’d One strand is called the __________ strand & is built _______________. The other strand is called the __________ strand & is built discontinuously in small __________ (Okazaki fragments).

DNA ligase links the two sections. Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Step 3: Joining DNA polymerase removes the RNA primer and fills in the place with DNA nucleotides. DNA ligase links the two sections. Each new strand is half __________ DNA & half _____ DNA.

Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Conclusion There are now 2 copies of the genetic information that will be passed on to new ________ through mitosis or to the next ____________ through meiosis.

Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic DNA Eukaryotic DNA… Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic DNA Eukaryotic DNA… - is found in the __________, coiled into _______________. - unwinds in __________ areas as DNA is replicated.

Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic DNA Cont’d Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.2 Replication of DNA Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic DNA Cont’d Prokaryotic DNA… - is attached to the plasma membrane or is _____-floating. - is __________ & only opens at one origin of replication. _____ is also found in chloroplasts & mitochondria .