KEY CONCEPT Bacteria and Archaea are both single-celled prokaryotes.

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KEY CONCEPT Bacteria and Archaea are both single-celled prokaryotes.

Prokaryotes are widespread on Earth. Prokaryotes can be grouped by their need for oxygen. obligate anaerobes are poisoned by oxygen obligate aerobes need oxygen facultative aerobes can live with or without oxygen

Domain Bacteria includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Eubacteria. one of largest groups on Earth classified by 1) shape 2) need for oxygen 3) diseases caused

Bacteria commonly come in three forms. rod-shaped, called bacilli Bacteria and archaea are structurally similar but have different molecular characteristics. Bacteria commonly come in three forms. rod-shaped, called bacilli spiral, called spirilla or spirochetes spherical, called cocci Lactobacilli: rod-shaped Enterococci: spherical Spirochaeta: spiral Archaea have many shapes.

Bacteria and archaea have similar structures. plasmid flagellum pili cell wall chromosome plasma membrance This diagram shows the typical structure of a prokaryote. Archaea and bacteria look very similar, although they have important molecular differences.

Bacteria have molecular differences. The amount of peptidoglycan within the cell wall can differ between bacteria GRAM NEGATIVE GRAM POSITIVE Archaea have different lipids entirely

Domain Archaea includes prokaryotes in the kingdom Archaea. cell walls chemically different from bacteria do not contain muramic acid membrane lipids contain branched carbon chains differences discovered by studying RNA known for living in extreme environments

KEY CONCEPT http://www. funsci. com/fun3_en/protists/exhibition KEY CONCEPT http://www.funsci.com/fun3_en/protists/exhibition.htm#green Kingdom Protista is the most diverse of all the kingdoms.

Protists can be animal-like, plantlike, or funguslike. Protists are eukaryotes that are not animals, plants, or fungi.

Animal-like protists consume other organisms. heterotrophs single-celled

Plantlike protists are photosynthetic. single-celled, colonial, or multicellular no roots, stems, or leaves

Funguslike protists decompose dead organisms. heterotrophs can move, whereas fungi cannot

Protists are difficult to classify. Protist classification will likely change. Some protists are not closely related. Molecular evidence supports reclassification.