Globalization Quiz this Thursday!!! Tuesday, April 11 Globalization Quiz this Thursday!!! -Quiet phones and put in daycare -Turn in Globalization Vocabulary -You will need: -Globalization notes -pen/pencil

The Challenges of Globalization Information and facts from Mastering the TEKS in Geography, “Chapter 19: The Challenges of Globalization”, 2010:Jarrett Publishing Co. pp.304-323

Capital Resources Human Resources Productive Resources Entrepre-neurs Natural Resources

Productive Resources Natural Resources- materials from nature that people use to make goods Examples: water, oil, cotton, lumber Human Resources- the human labor required to produce something Examples: highly skilled/educated workforce

Productive Resources Capital Resources- goods used to make other goods Examples: machinery, tools, technology, transportation routes Entrepreneurs- business owners or managers that bring together and organize all parts of resources and production Examples: Graham Weston- Founder of Rackspace

HEI… Physical geography often determines where productive resources are located. Climate – influences the types of crops grown in a place Examples: Cotton grows in places with long growing seasons and adequate rainfall like in the southern U.S. and parts of India

HEI… Natural resources – where minerals and raw materials are located affects location of economic activities Examples: Gold rush in US history Fracking in Eagle Ford

Physical Geography Natural transportation routes- rivers, lakes, oceans –affects the travel of goods and services. Physical barriers – mountains, forests, deserts – can make it difficult or impossible to bring resources to consumers. Flatlands, valleys, and rivers help to bring resources to consumers http://i.infoplease.com/images/megypt.gif Where are most of the major cities in Egypt located? (Near the Nile River & on the Mediterranean Sea & Red Sea) What type of climate does most of Egypt have? (Arid Desert) Why do you think the cities were built where they were? (water important to human survival, also to irrigate crops and establish trade routes)

HUMAN geography influences the location of economic activities… Where people are located also affects economic activities Population = workforce Skilled or unskilled depending on need (PRIMARY, SECONDARY, or QUATERNARY Economic Activities!) Services are located where consumers are found. (TERTIARY Economic Activities!) Retail, schools, hospitals, etc. Businesses closer to target consumers will often be more successful http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/27/Texas_population_map.png Use this population map of Texas to guide a discussion with students: What do the reddest parts of the map represent? (cities – Dallas, Austin, Houston, San Antonio) ; What types of businesses and services are found in those areas? ; What do the greenest areas of the map represent? (rural areas – small towns, farms, ranches) ; If I wanted to open a new business, where would it be most successful? Why?

Human Geography Infrastructure: This is a critical factor to the location of economic activities Ex. roads, railroad tracks, factories, telephone & internet connections Essential for transport of goods and services http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_United_States Use the map to guide a discussion with the students about major cities of the US & location to infrastructure (Railroads). What are the railroads used for? (Transportation of goods & people) Where are the major cities located? (close to waterways, rivers, oceans, canals)

Process it… How does physical & human geography influence the location of economic activities? Give specific examples for each….

What is globalization? Globalization – the creation of a single global economy and community. Easy exchange of goods, information, money and people from one part of the world to the other.

Globalization Today Benefits Consumers can easily get goods and services from all around the world. Greater connectivity Skype, texting, internet Information spreads quickly Travel made easier and faster Easier to learn about new cultures http://www.cnn.com/video/?/video/international/2010/11/04/mpa.mckenzie.outsourcing.africa.cnn#/video/international/2010/11/04/mpa.mckenzie.outsourcing.africa.cnn

Globalization Today Costs Loss of jobs in developed countries Outsourcing - when companies hire other companies to do some of their work Offshoring – when companies move operations to countries with lower labor costs Ex. iPods produced in China Loss of local traditions Higher risk of pandemics Increased pollution Terrorism http://www.cnn.com/video/?/video/international/2010/11/04/mpa.mckenzie.outsourcing.africa.cnn#/video/international/2010/11/04/mpa.mckenzie.outsourcing.africa.cnn

Globalization is DRIVEN BY trade Trade between regions has existed throughout history because there is an unequal distribution of resources around the world. Trade – the exchange of goods and services Specialization – each region of the world makes goods based on the resources it has available. Middle East – petroleum/oil production United States – service & information industries (Apple, McDonald’s) Japan – few natural resources but a lot of industry (car production, electronics)

Globalization of FASt Food

Specialization and Trade Because regions specialize they rarely produce everything they need. They exchange these goods through trade. Countries and regions export products they make and import products from others.

Specialization and Trade Import – goods from foreign countries brought into a country for use or sale. Ex. Clothing and electronics are imported from other countries into the US. Export – Goods and services sold from one country to other countries Ex. Japan exports cars and electronics to countries around the world.

specialization encourages trade Japan Saudi Arabia Is an island with few natural resources Needs oil to meet its energy needs (factories, electricity, automobiles, heating) Abundance of oil Lacks industry & production for other products. Predict how these two countries will trade with each other? Japan sells products such as electronics to Saudi Arabia. With the money it receives from selling electronics, Japan can buy oil from Saudi Arabia.

global trade In the ancient world Relied on rivers and waterways for trade. Ancient Egypt – Irrigation of Nile River Surplus grain and minerals (gold) traded for: olives and wine from Greece spices and incense from Arabia Roman Empire – Control of Mediterranean Sea olive oil, wine, wheat traded for: Porcelain and silk from China Cotton and spices from India

global trade Triangular Trade Atlantic Trade: 1400-1800 Columbian Exchange & triangular trade routes North American Colonies England Africa Transfer of products promoted economic growth European nations wealthy Increased the standard of living in Europe with new goods Led to wars Spread of diseases Interactive triangular trade map: http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/applications/imaps/maps/g5s_u3/index.html

Process it… What patterns can you see in the expansion of global trade? How does global trade differ today from trade carried on in the past?

Globalization Today Causes: Lowering of trade barriers (removing high tariffs or taxes on imported goods) by: Rise of free trade associations North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) World Trade Organization (WTO) European Union (EU) Spread of new information technologies Internet and telecommunications Transportation improvements Planes & high speed railroads make travel faster and easier