Measurement and Graphing Notes

Length Tool to use: Ruler or meter stick Units used: millimeter (mm), centimeter (cm), kilometer (km), meter (m) When measuring you must start on the metric side, aligning the object up with the first line on the ruler or meter stick.

Volume Tool used: graduated cylinder, beaker (volume of a liquid) or (volume of an irregular solid ruler) (volume of a regular solid) Formula to find volume of a regular solid Length X Width X Height Units used: milliliter (ml), liter (L) volume of a liquid or irregular solid (cubic centimeter, cubic millimeter) cm3, m3 (volume of a solid)

Volume continue To measure volume of an irregular solid (marble, rock etc.) use the water displacement method. 1. Measure out a certain volume of water. 2. Place the item into the water. 3. Measure the amount of water and write down the difference of Step 1 and 2. This is the volume of object. Units will be expressed in mL When measuring volume of a liquid make sure to read the volume from the meniscus. READ AT EYE LEVEL!

Mass Tool used: Triple beam balance Units used: gram (g), kilogram (kg) To use the balance 1. Put all weights on zero 2. Make sure the line on the beam lines up with the other line on the side of the beam. 3. Place the item you want the mass of on the plate. 4.Move the weights, adjusting the sides so that the lines match up again.

Mass and weight are different because weight refers to gravity pulling on an object while mass is the amount of particles there are. This does not change with gravity. Back beam= 10’s Middle = 100’s Front = 1’s and decimals

Temperature Tool used: thermometer Units used: Celsius ( C ) Celsius is based on a 100 degree scale 0 C = freezing point of H2O 100 C = boiling point of H2O

Calculating Radius and Diameter

Remember what a diameter is Remember what a diameter is. The diameter of a circle is the length of the line drawn through the center of a circle that touches the circle at two points. The diameter is the longest line that can be drawn through a circle, and cuts the circle into two equal halves. It is also two times the length of the radius. The formula for the diameter is D = 2r, where “D” stands for diameter, and “r” stands for radius. The same formula in terms of r is r = D/2.

Density Density is the amount of mass per unit volume. (How compact something is). Density= Mass Volume Units= g/mL, g/cm3…etc

Graphing rules Always use a ruler Label the x and y axis on the graph (Y to the sky) Put labels on your x and y axis—must be specific to the data graphed. Increments must be uniform on the y axis Title must be specific to the graph Make a key when needed Only line and bar graphs are accepted Computer generated graphs must also have these elements.

Sample graph