Blood in Flight Notes 3.2
How’d the blood get there? Speed Low, Medium, and High Velocity Blood Spatter Volume Type of Impact Cast-off Blood (centrifugally flung blood) Secondary Cast-off Blood (reverse facing satellites) Ricochet Blood (hits surface and breaks up) Projected Blood (large volume, arterial) Blood on Blood (irregular, substantial # of satellites)
How’d the blood get there? 4. Contact stains Transferred blood (e.g., bloody handprint) Smeared blood (wipes and swipes) Absorbed blood (fabric) Running blood (on non-horizontal, non-porous surface)
Low Velocity Blood Drops formed by the force of gravity Shape = spherical Volume = 0.05mL Acceleration = 32ft/sec/sec ( = -9.8m/s2) Terminal Velocity reached from ~25 feet above the ground (height of terminal velocity) Terminal Velocity is 40ft/sec An increase in height will result in an increase in the size of the spatter (to a height of 25 feet)
Low Velocity Blood
Medium Velocity Blood Drops formed by forces greater than gravity Result from the forceful impact of one object with another Volume = less than 0.05mL Most often seen in crimes involving stabbing or bludgeoning
Medium Velocity Blood
High Velocity Blood Drops formed by forces greater than gravity The drops are atomized and have a diameter of less than 1mm Only seen in crimes involving gun shots
High Velocity Blood
Cast-off Blood A bloody object is swung and the blood is cast off due to centrifugal force The blood tends to form a track of droplets Each swing produces its own track (why is this important to investigators?)
Cast-off Blood
TRANSFER BLOOD A transfer bloodstain is created when a wet, bloody surface comes in contact with a secondary surface (a wipe). A recognizable image of all or a portion of the original surface may be observed in the pattern, as in the case of a bloody hand or footwear. This is called Ghosting.
TRANSFER BLOOD
TRANSFER BLOOD
Shadowing/Ghosting/Void
Skeletonized Stain
Determining the Angle of Impact
Determining Direction
Determining Point of Origin
Aterial Spurts
Link to other blood spatter images and review of Blood Spatter Lab