23-1 Atmospheric moisture.

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Presentation transcript:

23-1 Atmospheric moisture

Water Solid – ice Liquid – water Gas – water vapor

Changing Forms As energy is absorbed by water: Solid – Almost fixed Liquid – Slide past Gas – Rapid movement

Latent Heat Heat energy that is absorbed or released during change Ice melting – absorbs energy from surrounding Condensation – energy released

Evaporation Water entering the atmosphere Equator Plants – transpiration Volcanoes / fossil fuels – small amounts

Sublimation Solid changes to a gas Skips liquid phase Air is dry and temperature is below freezing

Water vapor can directly become ice

Humidity Water vapor in atmosphere Controlled by rates of evaporation and condensation

Dew Point Temperature - Rate of evaporation and condensation are in equilibrium “Saturated” Temperature below dew point = water droplets

Absolute Humidity Mass of water vapor contained in a volume of air How much water vapor is in the air

Absolute Humidity = mass of water vapor (grams) / Volume of air (Cubic meters)

Relative Humidity Ratio of amount of water vapor in air to amount needed for saturation Given temperature How close it is to reaching the dew point

Absolute Humidity – The exact amount of water vapor in the air (ex: 30 lbs of water vapor) Relative Humidity – The % of the total possible amount of water vapor in the air (ex: 30 lbs out of a possible 100 lbs = 30% Humidity)