The Civil Rights Movement

Segregation Divides America Jim Crow laws separate African Americans and whites De Jure segregation- segregation enforced by the law This was the case in the South De Facto segregation- segregation by unwritten custom or tradition This was the case in the North

Brown vs. Board of Education Brown vs. Board of Education- Desegregated all public schools Occurred in Topeka, Kansas

Decision Faces Backlash Little Rock Nine- nine African Americans students faces mob opposing integration

Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks refuses to sit in the back of the bus which was required by law in Alabama Leads to the Montgomery Bus Boycott Movement

Martin Luther King Promotes Nonviolence Inspired by Henry David Thoreau and Mohandas Gandhi Believed protest should be done peacefully Established the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

Greensboro Sit-ins Four Students from North Carolina A&T sat at lunch counter at Woolworth’s and refused to leave until closing time Sit-ins were used as a form of non-violent protest

March on Washington August 28, 1963 In front of the Lincoln Memorial, Martin Luther King delivers his famous “I Have a Dream” Speech https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vDWWy4CMhE

Selma Protest took place on Edmund Pettus Bridge which was the main route from Selma to Montgomery Led by King to protest for equal voting rights https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9MKXR4gLjQ

Congress Passes Legislation Civil Rights Act of 1964- Bans segregation Voting Rights Act of 1965- banned literacy test and established equal voting rights 24th Amendment- banned the poll tax

New Voices for African Americans Malcom X- rejected his slave name and joined the Nation of Islam Demanded a separation of the races https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cT1jLY20tLo Black Panthers- a more militant organization supporting “black power”

https://www. youtube. com/watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KnpnYAId6dU&feature=iv&src_vid=tMzk89bYjiQ&annotation_id=annotation_217474