The South’s Answer to the Reconstruction Amendments: Jim Crow Laws

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Presentation transcript:

The South’s Answer to the Reconstruction Amendments: Jim Crow Laws A legal way to achieve segregation

Reconstruction Amendments 13 = No slavery or indentured servitude 14 = Due Process No state can infringe upon the rights of citizens of the U.S. All people born on U.S. soil are citizens 15 = Right to vote cannot be denied b/c of race or previous condition of servitude

Comply or Else After reconstruction, many Southern state governments passed “Jim Crow” laws forcing separation of the races in public places. Intimidation and crimes were directed against African Americans (lynchings).

Jim Crow in the 1960s 4

ORIGIN 1828 Thomas Dartmouth T.D “Daddy” Rice Traveling white comedian Bert Williams was the only black member of the Ziegfeld Follies when he joined them in 1910. Shown here in blackface, he was the highest-paid African American entertainer of his day.[45] 1828 Thomas Dartmouth T.D “Daddy” Rice Traveling white comedian Inspired by the song and dance of a crippled African in Cincinnati called either Jim Cuff or Jim Crow

Create Your Own Develop a list of “modern” Jim Crow Laws… In other words, if Jim Crow existed today, how might it be implemented given the world we live in today? You may segregate any group of people, not just blacks

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Original case is Plessy v. Louisiana HOMER PLESSY had boarded a white car on the East Louisiana Railroad train Homer was 1/8 black, 7/8 white = African American! Arrested and Jailed Sued claiming his 14th amendment rights were violated (citizenship with equal protection under the law) Judge in this case was John Howard FERGUSON Guess what he ruled? Appealed to LA Supreme Court, upheld Appealed to U.S. Supreme Court, upheld Supreme Court rules it does NOT violate the 14th amendment, therefore Jim Crow laws (separate but equal laws) ARE constitutional.

Great Migration

African-American Responses W.E.B. DuBois Ida B Wells Booker T Washington

W.E.B. DuBois “Education without equality is meaningless” Founder of the NAACP

Booker T Washington Equality through vocational education Accepted social segregation as natural, preferable

Ida B Wells Anti-lynching crusade Calls on federal govt to do SOMETHING!