by:Graham Holmes, Jacob Peters, and Kassie Shepherd Atherosclerosis by:Graham Holmes, Jacob Peters, and Kassie Shepherd

Why is atherosclerosis called “heart disease?” Can affect the arteries of the heart by creating blockages (This is called coronary artery disease). Can cause heart attacks. Most deaths are from heart attacks. (Over half of the deaths in America are caused by heart attacks).

What are the causes of Atherosclerosis? Can be caused by High blood pressure, high cholesterol, high count of triglycerides, insulin resistance, Inflammation from other diseases, and smoking or use of other tobacco products. Can cause damage to the inner wall, causing blood cells and other substances such as cholesterol to clump at the wall. Over time plaque will build up, narrowing the arteries and slowing blood and oxygen flow. Pieces of the plaque may eventually break off and enter the bloodstream, causing blood clots. Blood clots can block blood flow to certain major arteries, causes damage and potentially a heart attack or a stroke. Blood clots can also worsen angina (chest pain)

Major Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis High LDL and low HDL levels Hypertension Hyperlipidemia Diabetes Smoking Family history CRP levels

Other Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis Sleep apnea Stress Alcohol Ethnicity Air pollution Obesity Lack of activity Age Homocystinuria Male gender Diet

Prevention of Atherosclerosis Eat heart healthy foods Don’t smoke, or quit smoking to delay atherosclerosis Control your weight, make a weight loss plan with your doctor Control your blood pressure

Is Atherosclerosis Reversible? It’s not completely reversible. In some cases, surgery is recommended or required Some medications can slow down the process, such as cholesterol reducers, anti-platelet medications, beta blockers, and calcium blockers. ACE inhibitors can also be used, as well.