Land and Forest Products Measurements

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Presentation transcript:

Land and Forest Products Measurements Chapter 3

Comprehensive timber estimates = Cruising How much should be removed and how much remain Determines how much the timber is worth

Surveying Perimeter of area to cruise Plane Surveying (flat calculations) Used for small plots Geodetic Surveying (Earth’s curve accounted for) Used for large plots (100 acres +)

Unit of Measurement is Important 1 foot = 12 inches 1 yard = 3 feet 1 mile = 5280 feet 1 square mile = 640 acres 1 acre = 43,560 ft2 = 66 feet x 660 feet 1 chain = 1 furlong = 100 links = 66 feet 1 link = .66 feet 10 chains = 660 feet 1 furlong = length an oxen could plow w/out resting = 66 feet 1 acre = how much an oxen could plow/day

Pace Measurements Feet/Pace Pace/chain Measure 200 feet. Start with your right foot at 0 feet and count every time your right foot hits the ground for the 200 feet. Divide 200 by your count to determine feet/pace Pace/chain Measure 132 feet (2 chains) Count the number of paces Divide your count by 2 to determine pace/chain

Slope Chaining Correction for slope because land terrain may not allow the chain to be held horizontally. Abney Level Measures the angle between the horizontal plane and the line of sight along a slope.

Direction Measurements Bearing A direction or course of a line in relation to the cardinal points of the compass North = 0° = 360° East = 90° South = 180° West = 270°

Elevation Measurements Differences in Elevation determined by: Altimeters Clinometers Aneroid Barometer (crude measurements) Abney Level Dumpy (Spirit) Level (Accurate) Transit (Most Accurate)

Area Measurements The amount of horizontal surface Polar Planimeter Used for straight line or curved line boundaries

Area Measurements Geographical Methods Use of compass and tape forest surveys Accuracy compromised Aerial Photographs (Photogrammetry) Scaled (based upon altitude photo was taken) 1:24,000 (means 1 inch on the map = 24,000 inches on the ground) 1:250,000 (less accurate than 1:24,000)

Boundary Survey Establishes exact property locations Makes timber cutting lines Determines the area of the tract