Ch 7 Africa and The Americas 600 B.C.E. - 600 C.E.

Comparing the Classical era of Eurasia with developments in Africa and the Americas Which region was most isolated? Which region was most populated? Which region had more types of animals to domesticate? Which region began making iron tools and weapons first? Which region developed cities and states first? see pages 282 - 283

Meroe pages 285 - 286 peak of city between. . . ruler was. . . urban center populated by. . . wealth and military power came from... decline due to. . .

Axum pages 286 - 288 an obelisk Its economy was stimulated by taxing . . . In the 4th century Axum was introduced to the religion of. . . North of them, Egypt adopted the religion of . . . Between the 4th (300’s) and the 6th (500’s) centuries, Axum was . . . The decline of Axum was due to two reasons: environmental reasons such as . . . external factors such as. . .

West Africa - Niger River pages 288 - 289 Jenne-jeno was one of many stateless societies between 300 B.C.E. - 900 C.E. urban centers without a centralized government developed along the Niger River, Jenne-jeno being one of the most important one Griots lived in this urban center. They were known for . . . Important African empires will rule the area later: Ghana, Mali and Songhay

Africa: South of the equator pages 290 - 292 What types of society did Bantu people encounter while migrating south of the equator? Why three advantages did the Bantu groups have over the peoples they encountered? What was the outcome of the Bantu migration? What cross-cultural interaction had occurred in East Africa by 1000 C.E. (the first millennium c.e.)?

Religion in Sub-Saharan Africa up to 600 C.E. polytheistic worship of ancestors and nature spirits diviners or shamans could communicate with the supernatural no universal, monotheistic or missionary religion developed this will change after 600 C.E. with the spread of . . . ?

Mesoamerica by 600 B.C.E. Olmec civilization had left part of its culture in the region: trade in luxury goods to display social status and for rituals rituals involved human sacrifice monumental ceremonial centers calendar system hieroglyphic writing

Maya civilization 250 - 900 C.E. Classical Era of The Americas pages 294 - 295 1. Describe their achievements in writing, mathematics and astronomy? 2. How were the Maya able to conquer their environment and farm? 3. Describe the Maya government? 4. How did the Maya government stimulate warfare? 5. What other civilizations of the era compares to the Maya government? 6. Describe the reasons for the collapse of the Maya civilization.

City of Teotichuacan 300’s - 650’s C.E. 1. What was the estimated population of this city by 550 C.E.? 2. How were gods and goddesses depicted in their art?

Moche - human sacrifice Civilizations of the Andes Classical era: 1000 B.C.E. - 1000 C.E. after the Norte Chico but before the Inca Chavin de Huantar Moche no writing system Moche - human sacrifice 1. Describe the religious beliefs of the people of Chavin de Huantar. 2. Describe the extent of trade among the Chavin. 3. Describe the extent of war and empire-building of the Chavin. 4. Describe the government of the Moche.

North America Pueblos of Chaco canyon in present-day New Mexico Mound Builders of eastern woodlands - east of the Mississippi, includes the Hopewell culture in present-day Ohio Cahokia - near present-day St. Louis, Missouri