Influence of Islam in Africa

DO NOW: In the 11th century, African tribes had local religions and worshiped many gods, spirits, and their ancestors. Predict how do you think these tribes would react to the arrival of Islam and Christianity?

Introduction Before Islam and Christianity was introduced to West Africa, most Africans had a variety of complex traditional beliefs. Some Africans were polytheistic while others believed in animism. Animism was the belief that spirits and forces reside in animals, objects, and dreams. Others believed that the forces of nature like rains or wind had divine spirits and attempted to influence these rituals and ceremonies. Additionally, some African people believed that there was one supreme and unseen creator god with lesser gods beneath the creator god. Again, the beliefs were varied and complex. Many of these beliefs were challenged when Islam was introduced by West African kings in the 11th century.

African Religions Polytheistic Animism Used rituals and ceremonies to influence nature and spirits Spirits of ancestors could affect people on earth Equal/Important roles for women

African Religions

Islam moves into West Africa Islam is practiced by traders Very traditional values Limited role of women

Reading - Directions Read about the arrival of Islam in Africa from various PERSPECTIVES. Underline the impacts of the arrival of Islam and note if they are positive or negative

Blended Islam As the influence of Islam grew, many sub-Saharan Africans converted in order to protect themselves from being sold into slavery. For their rulers, conversion helped them gain political support from the Arabs and helped them form trading/economic relationships.   Eventually, sub-Saharan Africans developed their own brand of Islam, often referred to as “African Islam” with specific brotherhoods and practices

Influence on African Societies The presence of Muslim merchants resulted in the establishment of mosques (Islam temples). The Malian king Mansa Musa brought back an architect who influenced different building styles and encouraged the building of mosques and the development of Islamic learning. Islam also brought the art of writing and influenced the growth of education and scholars in Timbuktu. Arab vocabulary was absorbed into the Bantu (local) languages to form Swahili.

Partner/Group Discussion. Choose 1 side to prepare for the discussion. Prepare your response and one discussion question. Be prepared to explain your PERSPECTIVE.

Short Response How did the growth of Islam in Africa impact the practice of traditional religions in Africa?