AFTER THE FALL: THE WESTERN WORLD IN A GLOBAL AGE (SINCE 1985) Chapter 30 AFTER THE FALL: THE WESTERN WORLD IN A GLOBAL AGE (SINCE 1985)

Toward a New Western Order Mikhail Gorbachev Perestroika Glasnost End of the Soviet Union Boris Yeltsin Commonwealth of Independent States New Russia Putin Era Vladimir Putin

The New Europe ©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

Eastern Europe: The Revolutions of 1989 and the Collapse of the Communist Order The Fall Poland LechWalesa Hungary Czechoslovakia Gustav Husa´k Vaclav Havel Nicolae Ceaus¸escu After the Fall NATO

Chechnya ©2003 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

Reunification of Germany Erich Honecker ‘‘The wall must go!’’ East Germany free elections March 18, 1990 Political reunification October 3, 1990

Fall of the Berlin Wall 1961 -1989

Disintegration of Yugoslavia Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Macedonia Slobodan Milosevic War in Bosnia ‘‘Ethnic cleansing’ Massacre at Srebrenica War in Kosovo Kosovo Liberation Army Vojislav Kostunica NATO troops

Western Europe and the Search for Unity Germany Restored Helmut Kohl Christian Democrats Stasi Files Gerhard Schroeder Post-Thatcher Britain Labour Party John Major Tony Blair Gordon Brown

Western Europe and the Search for Unity (cont) France Jacques Chirac 2005 Muslim riots A Move to the Right Nicolas Sarkozy Italy Corruption in Italy Silvio Berlusconi Romano Prodi

Unification of Europe European Community Single Europe Act Treaty on European Union European Union Competition on the world market Military force Problems of national identity By 2007, EU to 455 million people

End of the Cold War Mikhail Gorbachev Overthrow of Communist regimes INF Treaty Overthrow of Communist regimes Gulf War Iraq forces in Kuwait ‘‘New World Order’’

An Age of Terrorism Munich Olympic Games Terrorist Organizations Red Army Faction Red Brigades Charles Martel Club IRA Palestinian terrorists Pan American flight 103

Terrorist Attack on the United States September 11, 2001 al-Qaeda Osama bin Laden U.S.S. Cole Afghan and U.S. special forces ousted The Taliban in Afghanistan in 2001 New multiethnic government faced problems from renewed Taliban activity

War in Iraq In 2003, largely American-led forces invaded Iraq Iraqi army was quickly defeated Allied forces sought to restore stability to the country Setting forth plans to lay the foundations of a future democratic society Saddam Hussein captured, tried and executed By 2006, violence had increased dramatically and Iraq In 2007, President Bush increased the number of U.S. troops The Surge Troops loss decreased significantly

The West and Islam Israeli-Palestinian conflict The Shah of Iran Ayatollah Khomeini U.S. forces in the Middle East considered an affront to Islam by anti-Western Islamic groups

New Directions in Western Society Transformation in Women’s Lives Birthrates down Woman in workforce on the rise The Women’s Movement Involvement in Environmental movement International conferences Immigration Guest workers Islam is growing in Europe and the United States

Art and Music in the 1980s and 1990s Visual Arts Kiefer Basquiat Andres Serrano and Robert Mapplethorpe National Endowment for the Arts Music Grunge, Rap and Hip Hop Digital Worldwide Web Cellular phones Art and Music Bill Viola Matthew Barney

Toward a Global Civilization Globalization Global Economy World Bank Transnational corporations General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade World Trade Organization

Toward a Global Civilization (cont) Environmental issues Global warming Greenhouse gases Social Challenges Migration and developed and developing nations Global Movements ‘‘Think globally, act locally’’ Nongovernmental organizations

Discussion Questions What was the impact of Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforms on the Soviet Union? Was he its savior or its destroyer? What were the chief obstacles in the reunification of Germany? How were these obstacles resolved? How has terrorism changed over the last two decades? What forces brought about these changes? Examine the debate over global warming. Defend and refute each side of the debate.

Weblinks Mikhail Gorbachev Vladimir Putin Gustav Husak NATO Berlin Wall Slobodan Milosevic Nicolas Sarkozy George W. Bush