13 Temperature and Ideal Gases

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 9 Thermal Energy
Advertisements

A third temperature scale has been developed, which relates the temperature changes to pressure changes for a fixed volume of gas. This scale is not based.
Ideal gas Assumptions 1.Particles that form the gas have no volume and consist of single atoms. 2.Intermolecular interactions are vanishingly small.
Temperature, Heat, and the Thermal Behavior of Matter
Temperature, Heat, and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics I. Temperature 1. Thermal equilibrium. Zeroth law of thermodynamics a) We need a thermometer b) Thermal equilibrium c) Zeroth law: If C.
Physics 100 Chapt 9 Temperature & heat. Temperature scales Fahrenheit 212 F 32 F F room temp 27 C 300 K 80 F.
Thermal Physics Chapter 10. Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics If objects A and B are in thermal equilibrium with a third object, C, then A and B are in thermal.
Chapter 19 Temperature scales: Fahrenheit, Celsius (centigrade), Kelvin Thermal expansion The ideal gas law Part 3 Thermodynamics Chapter 19: Temperature.
Heat and Temperature Matter is made of Atoms Electron Microscope Photo of Germanium Atoms.
Chapter 10 Thermal Physics. Temperature Thermodynamics – branch of physics studying thermal energy of systems Temperature ( T ), a scalar – measure of.
Chapters Thermodynamics Introduction 1. Equilibrium of mechanical systems: the concept of temperature Three parameters were needed to describe the.
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Constant-Volume Gas Thermometer
1 Thermal Physics Chapter Thermodynamics Concerned with the concepts of energy transfers between a system and its environment and the resulting.
Thermal Physics Thermal Physics is the study of temperature and heat and how they effect matter. Heat leads to change in internal energy which shows as.
Thermal Expansion Magnitude of Expansion of Solids, Liquids and Gases
Measuring Temperature
13-3 Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Two objects in contact, at different temperatures, will have heat energy travel in both.
Chapter 10 Thermal Physics 1. Temperature and the zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 2. Thermometers and Temperature Scales 3. Thermal Expansion.
Lesson 5: Temperature and Density. Heat A form of energy that can move from a hot place to a cooler place.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Outline Chapter 10 College Physics, 7 th Edition Wilson / Buffa / Lou.
Warm-up  What are the Laws of Thermodynamics?  What is heat?
Chapter 10 Thermal Energy. Chapter Objectives Define Temperature Converting between the 3 temperature scales Identify Linear Expansion Utilize the Coefficient.
Unit 6 : Part 2 Temperature and Kinetic Theory. Outline Temperature and Heat The Celsius and Fahrenheit Temperature Scales Gas Laws, Absolute Temperature,
Units of Chapter 15 Atomic Theory of Matter Temperature and Thermometers Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Thermal Expansion Thermal.
Temperature and Kinetic Theory Atomic Theory of Matter Temperature and Thermometers Thermal Equilibrium and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Thermal Expansion.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Outline Chapter 10 College Physics, 7 th Edition Wilson / Buffa / Lou.
Temperature. Temperature is the hotness or coldness of a material. It is also the property of a matter that determines where the heat should flow. Heat.
Thermodynamics.
Thermal Physics. TEMPERATURE measures the tendency for energy to leave an object spontaneously a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Temperature Thermometers Thermal Expansion
Chapter 10 Thermal Physics. Heat The exchange of energy between objects because of temperature differences is called heat Objects are in thermal contact.
Chapter 10 Thermal Physics. Thermal physics is the study of Temperature Heat How these affect matter.
Physics 101: Lecture 22, Pg 1 Physics 101: Lecture 22 Temperature and Ideal Gas Final.
Physics 101: Lecture 23, Pg 1 Physics 101: Lecture 23 Temperature and Ideal Gas Today’s lecture will cover Textbook Chapter EXAM III Temperature.
HEAT AND THERMAL ENERGY Kinetic Theory of Gases Thermal Expansion Gas Laws.
Thermodynamics I. Temperature 1. Thermal equilibrium. Zeroth law of thermodynamics a) We need a thermometer b) Thermal equilibrium c) Zeroth law: If C.
Raymond A. Serway Chris Vuille Chapter Ten Thermal Physics.
Thermal Physics Chapter 10. Thermodynamics Concerned with the concepts of energy transfers between a system and its environment and the resulting temperature.
Friday April 24 Take out kinetic molecular theory notes to be stamped Objective: Use the ideal gas law to solve problems. Checkpoint: – You car tires have.
Raymond A. Serway Chris Vuille Chapter Ten Thermal Physics.
TEMPERATURE & ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS Heat – transfer of energy due to temperature differences ● Heat flows - objects do not have heat ● Heat flows.
17 Temperature and Kinetic Theory Thermal Equilibrium and Temperature Gas Thermometers and Absolute Temperature The Ideal Gas Law The Kinetic Theory of.
The Kinetic Theory of Gases Over time, a single theory of how gases work developed based on the various gas laws. It is known today as the kinetic theory.
THE STATES OF GASES Chapter 1.
College Physics, 6th Edition
Relate temperature to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules. Describe the changes in the temperatures of two objects reaching thermal equilibrium.
Plan for Today (AP Physics 2) Lecture/Notes on Temperature and Thermal Expansion.
Internal Energy (also known as Heat).
Lecture 22: Temperature and Thermal Expansion
Temperature.
Temperature, Heat and Thermal Expansion
Temperature, Thermal Energy & Heat
Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Heat versus Temperature
Overview 17 Zeroth Law and Equilibrium Temperature and Scales
Chapter 7: Thermal Properties of Matter
Bell work The temperature of boiling water is 100° on the Celsius scale and 212° on the Fahrenheit scale. Look at each of the following temperatures and.
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat.
Chapter 16. Temperature and Expansion
Temperature A convenient operational definition of temperature is that it is a measure of the average translational kinetic energy associated with the.
Figure 19.6  Absolute temperatures at which various physical processes occur. Note that the scale is logarithmic. Fig. 19.6, p. 585.
Temperature and Thermometers
10 Temperature Temperature & Scales Thermometry Thermal Expansion
Chapter 19: Temperature and the Ideal Gas Law
Physics 2 Chapter 10 Sections
Heat and temperature They are not the same thing
Heat and Temperature Chapter 13.
Chapter 19 The kinetic theory of gases
Presentation transcript:

13 Temperature and Ideal Gases Homework: Problems: 1, 7, 41. Thermal Equilibrium Temperature Scales Ideal Gases Thermal Expansion

Temperature T ~ avg. KE/molecule Thermal Expansion Scales: Kelvin, K C° = K – 273 F° = (9/5)C° + 32 2 2

Thermal Equilibrium Heat flows from hotter object to cooler object. When the heat flow ceases the objects are in thermal equilibrium. Objects in thermal equilibrium are at the same temperature. /

Ideal Gas

Gas Thermometer PV ~ NT P ~ T (V, N constant) Gas cools, avg. KE  0, (absolute zero), P  0, ≈ -273 °C

Constant Pressure What % increase in V occurs for an ideal gas heated from 20C to 40C? (V ~ T) (It does not double, b/c C is not a thermodynamic temperature scale) V2/V1 = T2/T1 = (273+40)/(273+20) = 1.068 6.8% increase in volume.

Linear Thermal Expansion DL = a Lo DT Example: 100C increase in Aluminum causes a fractional increase in length of 0.0024 = 0.24% change.

Bi-Metallic Strips

Summary Thermal Equilibrium Temperature Scales Ideal Gases Thermal Expansion

Water Expansion Expansion from 4°C to 100°C (normal) Contraction from 0°C to 4°C. (anomalous, transient ice melting) 10 10 10 10

11 11 11 11

Superheating Mythbusters 12 12

Ideal Gases N molecules (few intermolecular collisions) v = average speed P due to wall-collisions (P ~ Nv/t) t = time between same-wall collision

Ideal gas pressure

Ideal Gas Law

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2024 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.