ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Design and Simulation of Solar Grid-Connected Charger for Electric Vehicles By: Dr. Muhammad Akmal Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE

OUTLINE Introduction Proposed Solution Problem Statement Motivation Proposed Solution Section 1 Section 2 System Modelling in DIgSILENT Power Factory Calculations Simulation Results and comparison Conclusion

INTRODUCTION: Problem Statement Current dependence on the non-renewable energy sources Fossil Fuels Cause Environmental pollution Around 30% of the worldwide energy is consumed by the transportation sector Electric vehicles (EVs) are a potential solution to decrease the direct usage of fossil fuels The current problem with EVs is that the existing charging systems are overloading the grid and their availability is not enough Solar Energy based charging systems can solve the problems of grid overloading as well as possibility at remote locations, where grid connectivity is an issue UKSIM 2018

INTRODUCTION: Motivation Solar panels have become more competitive source of electrical energy with the decreasing prices Ideal climate for solar energy in the UAE and in all Middle-East Countries The renewable energy targets and various V2G approaches for demand response adds more interest in electrical vehicles and their charging systems This paper proposes a design of grid connected charging system in the Middle-East climate, where solar energy is an abundant source Project Title

PROPOSED SOLUTION: Proposed Implementation of a Solar charging Station for Electric Vehicles Project Title

PROPOSED SOLUTION: System components Project Title

System Modelling in DIgSILENT Power Factory Project Title

Calculations 𝐷= 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 From the simulation, we can see that there are 5 main DC converters. The DC-DC converter 1 is the DC converter that is the main DC converter that is supplying the loads with solar DC voltage. The first step is to find the Duty cycle out of each DC-DC converter. This can be calculated using the below formula: 𝐷= 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 The Duty cycle obtained is then compared to that stated in the simulation. The percentage difference between them is then calculated by the formula: (Difference/measured) × 100 Project Title

Calculations… continued The next step is to calculate the current Iin that is entering into the DC-Dc converter. This can be done by using the following formula: 𝐼 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 The next step is to calculate the output current (Iout) that is leaving the DC-DC converter. Since we know that 𝐷= 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 = 𝐼 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 The output current Iout can be calculated using: 𝐼 𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑉 𝑖𝑛 𝐼 𝑖𝑛 𝑉 𝑜𝑢𝑡 Project Title

Comparison of Calculations and Simulation Results   Vin Vout Pin Iout (simulation)A I in (sim)A D simulation D (calculated) I in (cal) I out (cal) % diff for D % diff for I in % diff for I out DC 1 400 300 143700 449 359 0.8 0.75 359.25 479 6.667 0.069589 6.2630 DC2 200 44000 193 138 0.714 0.666667 146.667 220 7.1 5.909090 12.272 DC 3 60000 263 188 6 12.333 DC 4 49000 214 153 163.33 245 6.326530 12.6530 DC 5 18000 79 56 60 90 6.666666 12.2222 Project Title

Scenarios for Dynamic Simulation The system was tested to display results for three important events. The first event is “night” time (The switch event is disconnecting the PV at sunset at 2 seconds). The night time is represented from 2 to 4 seconds in the simulation. The second event is “day” time (at sunrise the switch event is connecting PV again to the system). Day time is represented multiple times in the simulation, which are 0 to 2 seconds, 4 to 10 seconds. Finally the third event is “grid-off” (at a time when the grid supply is off during the day time in emergency condition or islanded operation). This event is mentioned from 6 to 8 seconds in all simulations. The edges will be mentioned as sunset (at 2 seconds), sunrise (4 seconds) and grid-off (6 seconds). Project Title

RESULTS: Dynamic Simulation sunset Project Title

RESULTS: Project Title

RESULTS: Project Title

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK To conclude Solar charging of EV vehicles will reduce grid burden It provides greener transport solution The comparison between manual calculations and simulation results gives very close results The marketing strategy for Electric Vehicles has to be worked out for promotion of the product. Project Title

THANK YOU ANY QUESTIONS CONTACT EMAIL: MUHAMMAD.AKMAL@ADU.AC.AE