December 1862 to July 1863

Battle of Fredericksburg Fredericksburg, Virginia December 11-15, 1862

Battle of Fredericksburg Union General Ambrose Burnside (replaces McClellan)

Battle of Fredericksburg Confederate General: Robert E. Lee

Battle of Fredericksburg -Union tries to capture Richmond (Confederate capital) -Burnside’s troops are slaughtered -He is replaced 6 weeks later

Battle of Fredericksburg “It is well that war is so terrible, or we should grow too fond of it.”

Results of the Battle of Fredericksburg Union troops: 100,007 Confederate troops: 72,497 Estimated casualties: 17,929 Union: 13,353 Confederate: 4,576 Win for the South

Battle of Stones River Murfreesboro, TN December 21, 1862-January 2, 1863

Battle of Stones River Union General: -William Rosecrans

Battle of Stones River Confederate General: -Braxton Bragg

Battle of Stones River Had the highest number of casualties for both sides Ends Confederates trying to take Middle Tennessee

Battle of Stones River Results Union troops: 41,400 Confederate troops: 35,000 Estimated casualties: 24,645 Win for the North

Battle of Chancellorsville Spotsylvania County, Virginia April 30-May 6, 1863

Battle of Chancellorsville Union general: Joseph Hooker (Burnside’s replacement)

Battle of Chancellorsville Confederate General: Robert E. Lee

Battle of Chancellorsville Union tries to take Fredericksburg ends up fighting in Chancellorsville Stonewall Jackson leads attack on Hooker Jackson shot by own troops Union army cut in half and retreats Last major victory for Lee

Battle of Chancellorsville Stonewall Jackson’s left arm is amputated He dies of pneumonia a few days later

Battle of Chancellorsville Results Union troops: 97,382 Confederate troops: 57,352 Estimated casualties: 30,764 The South wins-considered Lee’s greatest victory

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-3, 1863 Battle of Gettysburg Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-3, 1863

Battle of Gettysburg Union commander: George Meade

Battle of Gettysburg Confederate General: Robert E. Lee

Battle of Gettysburg -Lee attacks in Union territory -Doesn’t realize Union troops are encamped closer to town

Battle of Gettysburg -J.E.B. Stuart (Confederate) has been on raiding parties, not scouting the enemy -Lee’s troops run into Meade’s troops while (allegedly) stealing boots in town

Day One: July 1, 1863 -Union troops pushed out of the town -They regroup at Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s Hill

Day One: July 1, 1863 -Ewell hesitates, Union gets defensive position -Lee orders Ewell to attack immediately so Union forces aren’t entrenched -Ewell hesitates, Union gets defensive position

Day One continued -Longstreet (Confederate) thinks Union position is impossible to overrun -Told Lee the army should move east, take a strong defensive and wait for the Union to attack -Lee doesn’t agree, thinks his troops can do anything

Day Two: July 2, 1863 Lee orders an attack on the left side of the Union line Needs to capture Little Round Top from Union forces Rebels would fire down on Union troops from this spot

Day Two continued Fighting fierce on south side of the hill 20th Maine (led by Chamberlain) vs. 15th Alabama (led by Oates) Maine wins

Day Two continued Confederates unsuccessfully attack Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s Hill

Day Three: July 3 -Longstreet tries to convince Lee AGAIN not to attack -Lee decides to attack Union forces in the center of Cemetery Ridge

Day Three continued Pickett’s Charge George Pickett led the 1 mile charge up the center of the ridge with 15,000 men

Day Three continued Pickett’s Charge Confederates retreat with 7500 casualties on the field Lee told the survivors, “It’s all my fault.”

The Battle of Gettysburg Results Union troops: 93,921 Confederate troops: 71,699 Estimated casualties: 51,112 -Lee’s troops never attacked the North again -Offered his resignation to Davis

Gettysburg Address Speech given by Lincoln at the dedication of the Gettysburg battlefield cemetery

Vicksburg, Mississippi May 18-July 4, 1863 The Siege of Vicksburg Vicksburg, Mississippi May 18-July 4, 1863

Siege of Vicksburg Grant’s troop spend months firing on the city. Food and supplies were cut off from civilians….people resorted to living in caves and eating horses, dogs and rats.

Siege of Vicksburg Pemberton (Confederate) finally surrenders on July 4, 1863 The city of Vicksburg refused to celebrate the 4th of July for the next 81 years (WW2) This battle is one of the turning points of the war The North now controls the Mississippi River

Siege of Vicksburg Results Union troops: 77,000 Confederate troops: 33,000 Estimated casualties: 37,402 Union: 4,910 Confederates: 32,492 Union wins