7th grade human body system review

Human Body Systems Learning Targets I can describe the components and functions of the digestive system. I can describe the components and functions of the respiratory system. I can describe the components and functions of the circulatory system. I can describe the components and functions of the nervous system. I can describe the components and functions of the excretory system. I can describe the components and functions of the muscular system. I can explain how these systems work together in the human body.

DIGESTION

..\Human Body\Digestive System\Digestive Body 3D.notebook The Digestive System ..\Human Body\Digestive System\Digestive Body 3D.notebook

The Digestive System Digestive system – breaks down food, and absorbs nutrients Digestive System

Digestion Mechanical (M.D.) – physically breaking up food into smaller particles Chemical (C.D.) – chemically breaking apart food. Usually uses ENZYMES. Enzymes - are a protein/chemical that helps the chemical reaction along.

Your Digestive System Mouth: Begins digestion with both chemical & mechanical digestion, glands in the mouth produce saliva (CD), and teeth break down food (MD). mouth

Your Digestive System Esophagus: muscular tube that connects throat to stomach. Moves food down by squeezing (peristalsis) esophagus

Your Digestive System Stomach: muscular bag where chemical and mechanical digestion continue; food stays here about 4 hours, changes to chyme. stomach

Your Digestive System Small Intestine: a tube nearly 7 meters long where digestive juices from the liver and pancreas are added; then villi absorbs nutrients from chyme. Most digestion and absorption of food occurs in the small intestine. Small Intestine

Your Digestive System Pancreas: a small organ that produces enzymes and hormones that help break down food. It also produces insulin to regulate the body's glucose or sugar level. Food does not pass through the pancreas. pancreas

Your Digestive System Liver: produces bile, which breaks up large particles of fats into smaller particles. It also filters the blood to get rid of toxins. Food does not pass through the liver. liver

Your Digestive System Gall Bladder: small sac that stores bile produced by liver Gall bladder

Your Digestive System Large Intestine: absorbs water from undigested food, where unabsorbed materials become more solid large intestine

Your Digestive System Rectum and anus: Where solid waste is stored in the rectum until the muscles release the waste through the anus rectum

Digestive System Diagram mouth esophagus liver stomach gall bladder large intestine small intestine rectum

The Respiratory System Respiratory System Brainpop

The Respiratory System Respiratory System - process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide Bringing fresh air in; letting stale air out

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Nasal Cavity Beginning of the Respiratory Tract Moistens and warms air; Mucus & cilia help trap dust and debris

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Trachea Air passes through about 12 cm tube with C-shaped rings of cartilage; commonly known as the windpipe

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Lungs Spongy, sac-like organs for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Bronchi two branches off of the trachea that carry air into lungs

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Bronchioles Smaller branches of the bronchi

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Alveoli Tiny, thin-walled sacs; in clusters; surrounded by capillaries where gas exchange happens

STRUCTURES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT Diaphragm Muscle separating the chest cavity from the intestines/gut.

Respiratory System Diagram Nasal cavity larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles diaphragm alveoli

Circulation & The Heart The Circulatory System Brainpop

The Circulatory System The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients around your body and helps get rid of Carbon Dioxide and wastes

What organs, or parts, make up your circulatory system? Arteries Veins Capillaries Heart Blood

Arteries Types Of Blood Vessels Moves oxygen-rich blood away from heart Have thick & elastic walls, made of smooth muscles. Are connected to ventricles in the heart.

Veins Types Of Blood Vessels Moves oxygen-poor blood towards the heart Have one-way valves Carries oxygen-poor blood with waste materials

Types Of Blood Vessels Capillaries Are microscopic blood vessels. Connect arteries to veins. Their walls are only one cell thick! Nutrients and oxygen flow to body cells through capillary walls.

Blood Vessels Clip

Blood Has 4 Jobs to Do:

Four Functions of Blood: 1) Carries oxygen to cells and removes carbon dioxide from all body cells

Four Functions of Blood: 2) Carries waste products from cell activity to be removed by kidneys

Four Functions of Blood: 3) Transports nutrients from the digestive system to all cells.

Four Functions of Blood: 4) Carries materials that fight infections and heal wounds.

The Heart

Heart- a human heart has four chambers 2 Atria and 2 Ventricles Atria Atria Ventricle Ventricle

Left atrium & left ventricle *always hold oxygen-rich blood Right atrium & right ventricle *always hold oxygen-poor blood

Other Heart Parts to Know: Aorta: delivers oxygen-rich blood from left ventricle to the rest of the body

Other Heart Parts to Know: Pulmonary artery: delivers oxygen-poor blood from right ventricle to lungs

Other Heart Parts to Know: Pulmonary vein: delivers oxygen- rich blood from lung into left atria

Circulation There are 3 kinds of circulation in your body: PULMONARY Circulation: the flow of blood through heart, lungs, and back to the heart again.

Circulation There are 3 kinds of circulation in your body: SYSTEMIC Circulation: Moves oxygen-rich blood to organs and body tissues and back to the heart again.

Circulation There are 3 kinds of circulation in your body: CORONARY Circulation: the flow of blood to heart tissues.

Muscular System

Muscular System The muscular system consists of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body.

Excretory System The excretory system is in charge of getting rid of bodily wastes and excess water. There are several parts of the body that are involved in this process, such as sweat glands, the liver, the lungs and the kidney system.

Urinary System Kidneys - The main job of the kidneys is to filter wastes and extra water out of your blood to make urine

Ureter A tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Urethra A tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Bladder The urinary bladder is a hollow elastic organ that functions as the body's urine storage tank.

Nervous System The nervous system is made up of the brain, the spinal cord, the nerves, and the sense organs, such as the eye and ear.