ISSUES Measurement issues: talent, diversity, coolness, high tech (do the measures fit the concepts?) Cause-effect issues (chicken+egg): does diversity lead to talent or talent (and education) to diversity? Cross-sectional patterns vs. longitudinal patterns (I.e., a “snapshot” of many places at one time vs. viewing a place across history and historical changes) Correct Unit of Analysis? (ecological fallacy?) Statistical associations (correlation) vs. causal claims.
cause --> effect DIVERSITY TALENT Gay Index Percent BA/BS Degrees CONCEPTS DIVERSITY TALENT MEASURES Gay Index Percent BA/BS Degrees
UNIT OF ANALYSIS
Assumes cause-effect flows this way -->> dependent variable Intermediate variable
Indirect effect -- mediated via talent Direct effect of diversity on high-tech