Chapter 36: Post War America

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 36: Post War America

Post War economy Anxiety- war’s end, inflation shot up with the release of price controls while gross national product sank, and labor strikes swept the nation. Why? Taft-Hartley Act-outlawed “closed” shop, made unions liable for damages, and required that union leaders take non-Communist oaths. Labor tried to organize in the South and West with “Operation Dixie,” but this proved frustrating and unsuccessful. To stop an economic downturn, Truman : sold war factories and other government installations to private businesses cheaply, passed the Employment Act of 1946, which made it government policy to “promote maximum employment, production, and purchasing power,” and created the Council of Economic Advisors to provide the president with data to make that policy a reality. passed the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, aka the GI Bill of Rights- allowed all servicemen to have free college education and/or low interest home loans once they returned from the war.

The Long Economic Boom, 1950-1970 middle class more than doubled (wanted two cars in every garage; over 90% of American families owned a television.) Women entered the work force while giving up their former roles as housewives. Boom rested on colossal military projects. Massive appropriations for the Korean War, defense spending, industries like aerospace, plastics, and electronics, and research and development Cheap energy of oil, gas, coal Workers and farmers upped their output tremendously, due to new technology in fertilizers, etc… in fact, the farming population shrank while production soared new affluence did not touch everyone

Changes in living Suburbs grow- encouraged by the Federal Housing Authority and the Veteran’s Administration, whose loan guarantees made it cheaper to live in the suburbs than in cramped city apartments 1. Levittowns 2, “White flight” left the cities full of the poor and the African-Americans. 3. “Baby Boom” -still being felt today. As the children grew up, they put strains on markets, such as manufacturers of baby products in the 1940s and 50s, teenage clothing designers in the 60s, and the job market in the 70s and 80s. Today, place enormous strains on the Social Security system.

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Levittown, NY

4. Young couples moved away from family= Dr 4. Young couples moved away from family= Dr. Benjamin Spock’s The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care (1945). 5. Immigration also led to the growth of a fifteen-state region in the southern half of the U.S. known as the Sunbelt, which dramatically increased in population. California overtook New York as the most populous state. Immigrants came to the Sunbelt for more opportunities, such as in California’s electronics industry or the aerospace industries in Texas and Florida. Sunbelters were redrawing the political map. How?