Types of Reactions You need to be able to identify each type. Synthesis reactions Decomposition reactions Single displacement reactions Double displacement reactions Combustion reactions You need to be able to identify each type.

1. Synthesis Example C + O2 O C +  O C General: A + B  AB

Ex. Synthesis Reaction

Synthesis (Combination) Reactions A chemical reaction in which a compound is formed from simpler materials 2H2(g) + O2(g) --- 2H2O(l) 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) --- 2NaCl(s) Mg(s) + F2(g) --- MgF2(s)

Practice Predict the products. Na(s) + Cl2(g)  Mg(s) + F2(g)  Al(s) + F2(g)  2 2 NaCl(s) MgF2(s) 2 3 2 AlF3(s) Now, balance them.

2. Decomposition Example: NaCl  Cl Na Cl + Na General: AB  A + B

Ex. Decomposition Reaction

Decomposition Reactions A chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler compounds, or to the component elements. 2NaCl(l) --- 2Na(l) + Cl2(g) 2H2O(s) --- 2Hg(l) + O2(g)

Went from neutral (0) to (+2) Went from (+2) to Neutral (0) 3. Single Displacement Example: Zn + CuCl2 Zn was oxidized Went from neutral (0) to (+2)  Zn Cl Cu + Cl Zn Cu + Cu was reduced Went from (+2) to Neutral (0) General: AB + C  AC + B

Ex. Single Replacement Reaction

Single Replacement Reactions Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equation: Zn(s) + HCl(aq)  ZnCl2 + H2(g) 2 NaCl(s) + F2(g)  NaF(s) + Cl2(g) Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq) 2 2 2 3 3 Cu(s)+ Al(NO3)3(aq) 2

4. Double displacement General: AB + CD  AD + CB Example: MgO + CaS 

Double Replacement Reactions Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together + inside ions go together Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) Another example: K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)  KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s) 2

Practice Predict the products. HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq)  Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq)  FeCl3(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq)  KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq) 

5. Combustion Reactions Combustion reactions - a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas. This is also called burning!!! In order to burn something you need the 3 things in the “fire triangle”: 1) Fuel (hydrocarbon) 2) Oxygen 3) Something to ignite the reaction (spark)

Combustion Reactions In general: CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O Products are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water. (although incomplete burning does cause some by-products like carbon monoxide) Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18)

Combustion Reactions Chemical reactions that involve oxygen to produce energy (heat) so rapidly that a flame results. *Special class of oxidation-reduction reactions **Water and CO2 are products!! C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) --- 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g) C(s) + O2(g) --- CO2(g)

Combustion Example C5H12 + O2  CO2 + H2O Write the products and balance the following combustion reaction: C10H22 + O2  8 5 6

Mixed Practice State the type & predict the products. BaCl2 + H2SO4  C6H12 + O2  Zn + CuSO4  Cs + Br2  FeCO3 

Chemical Reactions Precipitation Reactions Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Acid-Base Reactions Combustion Reactions Decomposition Reactions Synthesis Reactions