Y dylanwad ar dwf a datblygiad dynol The influences on human growth and development. Mae gennym ni gyfres o enynnau wedi eu hetifeddu oddi wrth ein rhieni. (Hanner oddi wrth ein mam a hanner oddi wrth ein tad.) Mae’n bosib bod gennym yr un nodweddion corfforol â’n rhieni. Mwy na thebyg mi fyddwch chi yn dal os yw eich rhieni yn dal. Lliw llygaid a gwallt. We all have an unique (just us)set of genes that we inherit from our parents. (Half from our mother, half from our father.) We may the same physical features as our parents. They may be tall so the chances are you will be tall. Eye and hair colour.

Etifeddiaeth genetig Genetic inheritance Mae genynnau yn cael effaith ar ein sgiliau academaidd ond mae’r amgylchedd hefyd yn effeithio ar hyn. Gall sgiliau a thalentau gael eu trosglwyddo o rieni i’w plant – bod yn dda mewn chwaraeon neu yn gerddorol. Genes will have an affect on our academic skills, but the environment also affects this. Skills and talents may be passed from parents to their children.- being good at sports or musical.

Cyflyrau genetig Genetic conditions Mae rhai pobl yn etifeddu cyflyrau genetig Syndrom Down, ffibrosis cystig Clefyd Huntington Some people inherit genetic conditions. Down’s Syndrome, cystic fibrosis Huntington’s disease

Dewisiadau ffordd o fyw Lifestyle choices. Mae’r dewisiadau yr ydym yn eu gwneud yng nghyswllt diet, ymarfer corff, alcohol, smocio a chymryd cyffuriau hefyd yn effeithio ar dwf a datblygiad. Mae bod dros eich pwysau yn gallu effeithio ar eich cymalau ac yn achosi problemau wrth symud. The choices we make regarding diet, exercise, alcohol smoking and drug use will also affect growth and development. Being overweight can affect their joints and cause mobility problems.

Dewisiadau Ffordd o Fyw Lifestyle choices Daw math 2 o glefyd y siwgr a phwysau gwaed uchel yn sgil ein ffordd o fyw yn aml. Diet – pobl ar incwm isel yn dewis bwyd rhad yn uchel mewn siwgr a braster (rhai prydau parod) Type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure are often caused through the lifestyle choices we make. Diet- people on a low income may choose cheap food high in sugar and fats(some ready meals)

Gall gweithio oriau hir wneud i bobl brynu bwyd cyflym fel MacDonald’s, ‘Chinese takeaways’ Gall diet gwael achosi clefyd y galon, strôc, problemau symud, gordewdra Gall hyn leihau hyd eich bywyd. Working long hours could make people go to buy fast food, Mc’ Donald's, Chinese takeaways A poor diet could result in heart disease, strokes, mobility problems, obesity. This can reduce the length of life.

Ymarfer Corff Exercise Mae gwneud ymarfer corff yn lleihau y peryg o fynd yn ordew a phroblemau eraill. Taking regular exercise can reduce the risk of obesity and other health problems.

Alcohol Alcohol Gall newid personoliaeth Gall achosi damweiniau Clefyd yr iau neu’r galon Os yw’r fam yn yfed tra’n feichiog – peryg o golli’r babi yn y groth neu’r babi’n cael ei eni’n farw – gall y babi gael ei eni gyda syndrom alcohol Can cause personality changes May cause accidents Liver disease or heart problems. If mother drinks during pregnancy- risk of miscarriage, or still birth. – baby may be born with foetal alcohol syndrome

Cyffuriau Drugs Gall achosi problemau ar yr arennau neu’r iau Gall achosi newidiadau mewn ymddygiad Bydd yn cael effaith negyddol ar iechyd. May cause kidney or liver problems May cause changes in behaviour. Will have a negative impact on health.

Tasg Task Gweithio mewn parau i edrych ar yr effeithiau ar: Oryfed mewn pyliau Smocio Bwyta prydau parod yn gyson Cymryd cyffuriau hamdden Working in pairs look at the possible negative effects on: Binge drinking Smoking Regular eating of fast foods Taking recreational drugs.

Salwch a chlefydau Illness and disease. Mae sawl salwch i gael sy’n cael effaith ar dwf a datblygiad. Gall diffyg golwg neu bod yn drwm eich clyw gael effaith ar sgiliau dysgu a chyfathrebu. Gall syndrom Down neu gyflyrau genetig eraill fod yn gyfrifol am ddysgu’n fwy araf. Awtistiaeth – problemau gyda chyfathrebu There are several illnesses that will have an impact on growth and development. Sight or hearing impairments will impact on learning and communication skills. Down’s syndrome or other genetic conditions could be responsible for slower learning. Autism – problems with communication