Covalent Bonding Day two

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Unit 6 Covalent Bonding.
Advertisements

1 Covalent Bonding Sharing is caring 2 Metallic Ionic Covalent Transfer Electrons Delocalized Electrons (sea of e - ) Share Electrons Molecule Unit Cell.
Covalent Compounds, Formulas and Naming. Covalent Compounds Covalent compounds are compounds formed from 2 or more nonmetals. Examples: H 2 0 (water)
Prefixes for Naming Covalent Bonds. Prefixes Mono - 1 Di - 2 Tri - 3 Tetra - 4 Penta - 5 Hexa - 6 Hepta - 7 Octa - 8 Nona - 9 Deca - 10.
Covalent Bonding and Naming Chemistry 11 Mrs. Kay Read Pages ,
Unit 6 Covalent Bonding.
Unit 6.  Atoms that are held together by sharing electrons  Usually 2 non-metals  Forms a molecule (or molecular compound)  Tend to have low melting.
PART II. LET’S FIRST REVIEW IONIC BONDING In an IONIC bond, electrons are lost or gained, resulting in the formation of IONS in ionic compounds. FK.
COS 3.0, 3.1 CONTRAST THE FORMATION OF IONIC AND COVALENT BONDS BASED ON THE TRANSFER OR SHARING OF VALENCE ELECTRONS. DEMOSTRATE THE FORMATION OF POSITIVE.
PART II. LET’S FIRST REVIEW IONIC BONDING In an IONIC bond, electrons are lost or gained, resulting in the formation of IONS in ionic compounds. FK.
 atoms that lose or gain electrons become ions  cations have + charge  anions have – charge  cations and anions are attracted to each other by elecrostatic.
Chapter 6.  Vocabulary page 226  Section 6.1 Reading, 10 questions and their answers, pages
Forming Molecular Bonds.  What is a covalent bond?  The chemical bond that results from the sharing of electrons  Non-metals combine to acquire a full.
Covalent Bonding. Ionic Bonding Remember that in an ionic bond, electrons are __________ between atoms. transferred This transfer creates _____; both.
Covalent compounds Sharing of electrons. Chemical Bonds Ionic Bond – Transfer of electron – Exist in a crystal lattice form Covalent Bond – Pairs of electrons.
Covalent Bonding. Molecule: neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds  Covalent Bond: sharing of electrons between two atoms, “owned”
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds 2 elements covalent bond.
NOMENCLATURE Binary Molecular Compounds Periodic Table.
Drawing Lewis Dot Structures Covalent compounds 1. Figure valence e- for each atom 2. Draw Lewis Dot Structure 3. Combine atom so each has 8 e- exception.
Day 14 – Covalent bonds Sci 10Chemistry. Covalent Bonds Non-metal + non-metal.
How are Molecules Depicted? 6.2. Lewis Structures Valence e- = an e- in the outermost E level of an atom and determines the chemical properties Lewis.
Molecular Compounds Held together by Covalent bonds. –Between two or more non-metal elements. –Sharing of electrons –Name using prefixes. Subscripts after.
MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS Ms. Martino’s SNC2P. Molecular Compounds Molecular compounds are formed when two _______________ electrons in a _______ bond. Example:
CHEMISTRY PART 11 Covalent Compounds. Remember...  Metals want to lose electrons and non-metals want to gain them.  These are ionic bonds.
Review: Ionic Bonds bond formed when atoms: LOSE e- & become cations (+) GAIN e- & become anions (-) Occur with metals & nonmetal Ex. Mg 2+ and Cl 1-
Binary Molecular Compounds Nonmetal + Nonmetal. Binary Compounds Containing Two Nonmetals To name these compounds, give the name of the less electronegative.
Molecular Compounds.
LecturePLUS Timberlake
Binary Molecular Compounds
Ms. Samayoa Chemistry Birmingham Community Charter High School
Chapter 8 Intro to Chemistry
Nature of Covalent Bonding
How Atoms Interact with Each Other
Covalent Bonding EQ: How are the chemical formulas and chemical names written for covalent molecules? How do you draw VSEPR diagrams for covalent compounds?
Chapter 8 Covalent bonding.
Covalent Molecules EQ: How are the chemical formulas and chemical names written for covalent molecules?
Molecules EQ: How are the electrons arranged in a covalent bond?
Forming Molecular Bonds
II. Covalent Bonds.
Molecules and covalent compounds
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
II. Molecular Compounds
Atoms strive for 8 valence, so they bond
7.1 – NOTES Intro to Covalent Bonding
Covalent Nomenclature
Naming Molecular Compounds
Covalent Nomenclature
Molecular Nomenclature
II. Molecular Compounds (p. 164 – 172, 211 – 213)
Covalent Compounds and Naming
4.2 Names and Formulas of Compounds
Covalent Structures EQ: How are the chemical formulas and chemical names written for covalent molecules? How do you draw VSEPR diagrams for covalent compounds?
Covalent Bonding.
Covalent Bonding.
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
Chemical Formulas and Equations
Binary Compounds Containing Two Nonmetals
Chapter 2 The Material World
Covalent Compounds: Names & Formulas
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
BINARY MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
Wrapping Up Covalent Bonding
Warm Up #7 Draw the possible structures of the following: H2O, NH3, CO2 What is the name of CO2? Explain what happens to the valence electrons in a.
Matter & Bonding Lesson # 3
Chapter 6 Chemical bonding.
Chemical Formulas and Equations
Chemical Bonding Notes
molecular compounds are compounds consisting of nonmetals
Molecular Bonding and Nomenclature
Covalent bond: Chemical bonding that results from the sharing of electrons between two atoms
Presentation transcript:

Covalent Bonding Day two Exceptions to the rule and Naming

Bell Work - 10/12/16 Practice with Covalent Bonds. Draw the Lewis Dot Structures for the following Compounds. 1. POCl3 2. CH4 3. NH3

Comparing Ionic & Covalent Compounds IONIC COMPOUNDS COVALENT COMPOUNDS Complete transfer of electrons Cation + Anion Metal present Have to look at charges Electrons shared Nonmetal + Nonmetal No metals! No ions! Have to look at valence electrons Example: K1+Cl1- KCl O H

Exceptions to Octet Rule The octet rule cannot be satisfied in molecules whose total number of valence electrons is an odd number. The octet rule cannot be satisfied in molecules in which an atom has fewer, or more than a complete octet of valence electrons. What does this mean?! Let’s take a closer look…

1. ODD NUMBER OF TOTAL VALENCE ELECTRONS… NO2 – 17 total electrons N – 5 valence electrons O – 6 valence electrons (x 2) = 12 valence electrons Count the total electrons around each atom… Resonance Structure: structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures that have the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion.

2. LESS THAN A COMPLETE OCTET… BF3 Count the valence electrons around each atom… Boron is the exception It is missing 2 electrons Why? Because it only has 3 electrons to share!

2. MORE THAN A COMPLETE OCTET… SF6 Count the valence electrons around each atom… S Original Lewis Structure Sulfur has more than 8 valence This is an expanded octet Each of sulfur’s unshared pairs were split apart

Naming Covalent Compounds In order to name molecular compounds, a different naming system is required. WHY? How else would we differentiate between CO & CO2? Still follow the same naming rules, but add PREFIXES to distinguish how many atoms of each element are in the compound.

Prefixes – need to memorize 1 = mono 6 = hexa 2 = di 7 = hepta 3 = tri 8 = octa 4 = tetra 9 = nona 5 = penta 10 = deca

Naming Covalent Compounds Write the name of the first element. Add a prefix if there is more than one of that first atom. Write the name of the second element and change the ending to –ide Add a prefix to the second atom even if there is only one! If “ao” or “oo” appears in the name, remove the first “a” or “o”

Naming Covalent Compounds If you have an “oo” or “ao” in the name, drop the “o” or “a”. Ex. Monooxide becomes Monoxide Pentaoxide becomes Pentoxide

H2O – dihydrogen monoxide N2O3 – dinitrogen trioxide Examples: H2O – dihydrogen monoxide N2O3 – dinitrogen trioxide BI3 – boron triiodide

N2O NO P3N2 P2S5 SO3 Practice: Dinitrogen monoxide Nitrogen monoxide Triphosphorus dinitride Diphosphorus pentasulfide Sulfur trioxide

Naming Diatomic Molecules 7 diatomic elements: H2, O2, F2, Br2, I2, N2, Cl2 You will name the molecule the same as the element! H2 = hydrogen or hydrogen gas