Exam 3 Review Created by Educational Technology Network. www.edtechnetwork.com 2009

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Question 1 - 10 What kind of symmetry do echinoderms have when in the larvae stage? How about the adult stage?

Answer 1 – 10 Larvae – bilateral Adult – radial

Question 1 - 20 What functions do the water vascular system provide the echinoderms?

Answer 1 – 20 Feeding and locomotion

Question 1 - 30 You see a sea star prying open a bivalve with it’s tube feet and eventually absorbing it. What type of echinoderm feeding is this?

Answer 1 – 30 Predatory

Question 1 - 40 In the echinoderm water vascular system, there’s one part that’s only found inside the body. What is it?

Answer 1 – 40 Ampulla Parts found outside are tube feet, podium, blastopore, etc.

Question 1 - 50 What type of echinoderm is a herbivore that grazes on green algae?

Answer 1 – 50 Sea urchin So a kelp farmer wouldn’t want this in his/her kelp farm

Question 2 - 10 Are all adult deuterostomes bilaterally symmetrical or radially?

Answer 2 – 10 Bilaterally

Question 2 - 20 In what way are monotremes similar to more ancestral chordate lineages, as opposed to more recently evolved mammals?

Answer 2 – 20 Monotremes lay eggs Other mammals bear live young

Question 2 - 30 List the three parts of the brain and what they do.

Answer 2 – 30 Forebrain – housing the sense of smell Midbrain – associated with vision Hindbrain – responsible for balance and hearing

Question 2 - 40 Describe the difference between the shapes of skates and rays vs sharks.

Answer 2 – 40 Skates and rays are flat because they float towards the surface and sharks actively swim at the bottom

Question 2 - 50 Which group of mammals has a prolonged period of maternal care after leaving the placenta?

Answer 2 – 50 Eutheria

Question 3 - 10 What did the evolution of the jaw cause?

Answer 3 – 10 Predation AKA additional food sources

Question 3 - 20 The notochord helps organize the body plan early in development by secreting proteins that induce the formation of what?

Answer 3 – 20 Somites Somites are segmented blocks of tissue that later differentiate into vertebrae, ribs, and skeletal muscle

Question 3 - 30 What traits have made flying possible in birds?

Answer 3 – 30 Keel Hollow bones Endothermy

Question 3 - 40 What are the three parts of the internal membrane of an amniotic egg?

Answer 3 – 40 Yolk sac (contains nutrients) Amnion (embryo) Allantois (waste) Although albumen is a part of the amniotic egg, it IS NOT an internal membrane!

Question 3 - 50 What is the synapomorphy of hominins?

Answer 3 – 50 Bipedalism

Question 4 - 10 What do we mean when we say that plants are “primary producers”?

Answer 4 – 10 They convert solar energy and CO2 into chemical energy (sugars) that support other terrestrial organisms

Question 4 - 20 Why do we study land plants and green algae together?

Answer 4 – 20 Because the most direct ancestor of the land plants were probably green algae

Question 4 - 30 In the alternation of generations, the sporophyte is (haploid or diploid) and produces (spores or gametes)

Answer 4 – 30 Sporophyte is diploid and produces spores So gametophyte is haploid produces gametes

Question 4 - 40 Say a plant has the following characteristics: flagellates sperm, xylem with tracheids, separate sporophyte dominant and no seeds. What is this plant most closely related to? Mosses B. gymnosperms Flowering plants ferns

Answer 4 – 40 It’s not A because we know nonvascular plants (like mosses) have a dominant gametophyte stage It’s not B or C because those both have seeds So it’s D, ferns. Ferns are seedless and have a dominant sporophyte stage

Question 4 - 50 What does homosporous mean?

Answer 4 – 50 Having both male and female gametophytes on the same plant

Question 5 - 10 How can you tell the difference between tracheids and vessel elements by looking at them?

Answer 5 – 10 Vessel elements are shorter and wider than tracheids

Question 5 - 20 Did plants that appeared earlier in the fossil record have a more dominant sporophyte or gametophyte stage?

Answer 5 – 20 Earlier – gametophyte Later – sporophyte

Question 5 - 30 What do adaptations like the cuticle and sporopollenin coat protect against?

Answer 5 – 30 Dessication AKA drying out

Question 5 - 40 Describe the difference between monocots and dicots.

Answer 5 – 40 Monocots: parallel veins in leaves, petals in multiples of 3, vascular tissue scattered Dicots: branching veins, petals in multiples of 4 or 5 and vascular tissue in circular arrangement in stem

Question 5 - 50 Which of these would include a capsid?

Answer 5 – 50 All of them