Political Systems Constitutional Monarchy Direct Democracy Representative Democracy Tribal Rule Absolute Monarch

Types of States Before there were countries people lived in communities where the adults made all the decisions. Now people are part of larger groups called nations. A nation is a group of people who share real or imagined common history, culture, language or ethnic origin, often possessing or seeking its own government.

Types of Nations 2 Nations protect people, they resolve conflicts between individuals and groups of individuals. Protection is offered by a government that sets up and protects laws.

States A state is a region that shares a government.

Dependencies and Nation-States Dependencies are regions that belong to another state. US dependencies are Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Guam, Midway, Wake Island, Northern Mariana Islands, America Samoa Puerto Rico

Nation–States Nation-states are states that independent of other states. They have laws. The smallest nation-state is the Vatican City, which is located in the city of Rome. The Vatican City is .20 Square miles.

City-States The first states formed in Southwest Asia more than 5,000 years ago when early cities set up governments. EX from the past: Athens and Sparta EX from today: Monaco, Singapore Athens Sparta Singapore

Singapore

Monaco

Empires In the past military leaders would conquer city-states and create empires. Empires are states that contain several countries. Roman Empire

Types of Government Direct Democracy Tribal Rule Absolute Monarchy Dictatorship Oligarchy Constitutional Monarchy Representative Democracy

Direct Democracy A type of government where all adults take place in decisions. EX: We still use direct democracy in town meetings.

Tribal Rule Members of the tribe have a say in the decisions, but chiefs or elders had the final say. Decisions made based on culture and beliefs. Navajo Indian Tribal Council

Absolute Monarchy A king or queen who inherits the throne by birth and has almost complete control. EX: Brunei and Saudi Arabia

Dictatorship Someone who has almost complete control over a country, but is not a king or queen. Cuba and North Korea have dictators.

Oligarchy Oligarchies are governments controlled by a small group of people. The people have very little say in decisions. EX: China is controlled by the leaders of the communist party. EX: Burma is controlled by a group of military leaders EX: Iran is controlled by religious leaders.

Constitutional Monarchy Countries in which the powers of the King or Queen are limited by law. EX: United Kingdom, Kuwait, and Netherlands

Representative Democracy Governments run by representatives the people choose. UK, Canada, India, USA

International Organizations Nations make agreements to work together in alliances. Members of alliances are called allies. Nations make economic, defensive, and trade alliances. UN NATO EU

UN International organization meant to resolve disputes and promote peace within countries. Almost every nation in the World belongs to the UN. Every member nation has a vote in the General Assembly Only the Security Council can make decisions about the use of force.

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 28 countries are member of NATO The US and 9 European countries founded NATO post-WWII. NATO is a military alliance. An attack against one country is an attack against them all.