What groups/people opposed slavery? Warm-Up Warm-Up What groups/people opposed slavery?

Government, Religion, and Culture The Colonies Grow: 1607-1770 Government, Religion, and Culture

English Colonial Rule GoFormative (?’s 2-5) Bkgd. English Civil War- creates Parliament, takes power from throne Charles II restores power to throne James II takes over Tries to take back Parliament’s power Tighten control of colonies 1688- Parliament removes James Places daughter Mary as Queen and her Dutch husband William of Orange as King Change showed power of elected representatives over a monarch, called the Glorious Revolution 1689- William & Mary signed English Bill of Rights Guarantees basic rights to all citizens Later inspired creation of American Bill of Rights England colonies as economic resource Colonies provided raw materials to England England used materials to create final products They sold back to colonies, & rest of world Make sure only England benefitted from colonial trade, passed the Navigation Acts b/t 1651-1673 Laws that said colonial goods only sent to England Goods sent to England only use English ships to send Some colonists ignored these laws and began smuggling, or trading illegally w/ other nations Begins to strain relationship b/t England and Colonies

Colonial Government By 1600’s the English people had won certain civil liberties Rest of world had not known these ideas B4 Monarchy rules all Now believe people should have say Teachings of the Magna Carta (1215), John Locke, and Montesquieu (Fr.) become basis of people’s rights As colonies grew, relied more on own gov’ts and local laws than throne Colonies were then reclassified

Colonial Government Connecticut & Rhode Island 7) Define 6) Define Colonial Government Charter Colonies Proprietary Colonies Connecticut & Rhode Island Elected own governors, and legislatures England had right to approve governor Acts of legislature were upmost Delaware, Maryland, & Pennsylvania Ruled by proprietors (single owners) Proprietors were free to rule as they wished Appointed governor, and most of legislature

8) Define Colonial Government Royal Colonies Voting Rights Georgia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Carolinas, & Virginia King controlled directly King appointed governor, and council Governor and council did what they were told by King Often led to conflicts w/ colonist Especially when trying to implement taxes and trade restrictions Colonial Legislatures only gave some people a voice Could Vote White, land-owning, men Could NOT Vote Women, indentured servants, landless, poor, & black Still better than rest of European world

An Emerging Culture B/T 1720’s-1740’s: religious revival sweeps through colonies Called the Great Awakening Called for return to strong faith of earlier days Jonathan Edwards & George Whitefield Led to formations of many new churches From New England to Georgia 9) Great Awakening

Family Roles 10) Apprentice Throughout colonies… Colonial farm Began to blend their traditions to new conditions in America Religion, education, and arts contributed to new American culture Colonial farm Both home and workplace Both cared for children Women Cooked, made butter, cheese, preserved food, spun yarn, made clothes, tended to chickens, and cows Women could not speak, or vote in mtgs. Married women under husband’s authority Young, unmarried women held jobs until marriage Widows and women who never married worked as teachers, nurses, or seamstresses Could own businesses and own land Men Worked fields, built barns, houses, and fences Were formal heads of household Managed farm Represented family in community affairs Families arranged for sons to be apprentices There to learn a trade 10) Apprentice

Education and The Enlightenment Most colonists valued education Children often taught to read and write at home NE and PA created school systems Massachusetts Puritans passed public education laws By 1750- NE had very high level of literacy 85% of men 50% of women Early colleges Founded to teach future ministers Harvard (1636) William & Mary (1693) The Enlightenment mvmt. in Europe Spread idea that knowledge, reason, and science, could improve society In colonies… increased interest in science Best known American scientist… Ben Franklin 11) Who???

Freedom of the Press 1735 John Peter Zenger, writer of NY Weekly Journal Charged w/ libel and slander Printed critical report on Royal NY Governor Andrew Hamilton defends him in trial Asks jury to look at whether it was truthful; not if it offended governor Looked at as no big deal then Now… basis for Freedom of Press 12) Amendment?