Large Rivers Chapter 20.

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Presentation transcript:

Large Rivers Chapter 20

Large Rivers Important longitudinal, horizontal, vertical interactions within rivers

Large Rivers e.g., FPOM - fine particulate organic matter inputs from upstream, floodplain Heterotrophic ---- collector invertebrates ----- fish production

Impacted by Human Modifications Multiple-use conflicts Fishing, other recreation Navigation Flood control Water source

Impoundment Flood control, navigation, hydropower

Navigation/Flood Control Aids Dikes, levees, channel stabilization Floodplain reduction - 90% in lower Mississippi River

Boat Traffic Wave action, turbulence, sediment suspension, erosion, dewatering

Hydropower Hydrographs Altered seasonal, daily flows

Cooling Water Intakes, outflows Impingement, entrainment Heated water

Pollution Sediment, PCBs, sewage

Flow Diversions Irrigation, public needs

The Fishery - Sport Fish Cold large rivers Salmon, trout

The Fishery - Sport Fish Cool large rivers Walleye, smallmouth bass, northern pike

The Fishery - Sport Fish Warm large rivers Bluegill, crappie, largemouth bass, catfishes

The Fishery - Sport Fish Best in unmodified reaches e.g., Missouri River - 2 to 2.5 X more productive

Unmodified vs. Modified

The Fishery - Sport Fish Modified reaches Best in tailwaters (walleye, sauger), main channel border (sunfish, bass, pike)

Modified Mississippi River

The Fishery - Commercial Fish Often same as sport fish Conflict as sport fishing pressure increases

The Fishery - Commercial Fish Typical catch in upper Mississippi River Common carp Catfishes Freshwater drum

Mississippi River Catch

The Fishery - Commercial Fish Problem - benthophagic fish Uptake of contaminants from sediments PCBs Management concern

PCBs in the Mississippi River