Times of Turmoil Chapter 6

Prohibition Was introduced in 1918 as a result of campaigning by Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCWU), who felt that the grain used to produce alcohol should be used to feed soldiers and civilians instead.

Positive Effects of Prohibition Crime rate decreased Drunkenness decreased Paycheques went home instead of taverns Industrial efficiency improved

Negative Effects of Prohibition Illegal drinking at “speakeasies” Organized bootleggers made and sold illegal liquor Smugglers made a fortune “rumrunning” to the US Governments lost revenue on liquor sales

Prohibition Banned Prohibition was banned because it was unpopular with many citizens and difficult to enforce, and provincial governments were losing millions of dollars in potential taxes.

Spanish Flu Returning soldiers carried the disease with them from overseas. Pre-penicillin and other antibiotics  many people would die from pneumonia etc. Killed approximately 50 000 Canadians

Spanish Flu This epidemic caused the government to create a Department of Health in 1919. The dept took control over national converns such as border quarantines. It also cooperated with campaigns such as child welfare. Collected vital statistics such as CDR, CBR, IMR

Canadian Workers Problems Shortage of jobs High inflation No unemployment benefits, compensation for injuries, or pensions

Canadian Workers Solutions Membership in unions Strikes Labour leaders becoming involved in government

Returning Soldiers Problems included: A shortage of jobs A shortage of money Injuries or disabilities

Returning Soldiers Solutions: Vocational training programs Soldier Settlement Act Pensions for veterans and their departments Free medical care

Western Farmers Problems A collapsed world wheat market Increased costs because of high tariffs and freight rates

Western Farmers Solutions The creation of the National Progressives, a farmer’s; federal political party, which campaigned for lower freight rates and tariffs, and the recall of MPs not representing constituents’ concerns

Maritime People Problems Manufacturing companies moving to Central Canada because of the larger market Government policies favouring the growth of manufacturing in Central Canada High freight rates Decreasing world demand for Maritime products Decline of the steel industry Rising unemployment, forcing people to move

Maritime People Solution Maritime Rights Movement – asked the federal government to increase subsidies, encourage trade though Maritime ports, and protect Maritime industries through higher tariffs

Aboriginal Nations Problems A government policy that stressed assimilation and dependency No vote Lack of rights Loss of traditional lifestyles

Aboriginal Nations Solutions Creation of organizations to fight for rights (League of Indians, Allied Tribes) Various organizations worked toward better health and education programs; more financial aid; control over reserve lands, hunting, fishing, and trapping rights; land rights; status as independent nations

THE END 