America is a world power Imperialism Ch.10.4

http://www.history.com/news/the-assassination-of-president-william-mckinley What is an anarchist? What was the motivation of President McKinley's assassination? The assassination of President William McKinley in 1901 thrust Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt into the role of world leader. Roosevelt was unwilling to allow imperial powers of Europe to control world politics and economics. In 1905 President Roosevelt built upon the Open Door Notes, to increase American influence in Asia. Roosevelt also mediated a settlement in a war between Russia and Japan. Japan and Russia were both imperialist powers and had been fighting over the control of Korea. President Roosevelt won the Noble Peace Prize for mediating a solution between the two imperialist powers. What was the Open Door Notes?

The Panama canal By the time Roosevelt became president, many Americans felt that the U.S. needed a canal cutting across central America. Such a canal would greatly reduce travel time for commercial and military ships by providing a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. *A ship sailing from New York to San Francisco by going around South America travels 13,000 miles. Today, the Panama Canal shortens the journey to 5,200 miles.

Engineers identified two possible routes for the proposed canal Engineers identified two possible routes for the proposed canal. One through Nicaragua, which proposed fewer obstacles because much of it crossed a large lake. The other route crossed through Panama; which at the time was a part of the country, Colombia. The route through Panama was shorter. But, it was filled with mountains and swamps. The French had been trying to build a canal in Panama for ten years. The French company gave up trying. They sent a representative to Washington DC to convince the U.S. to take up their claim to the canal. In 1903 the U.S. agreed to terms with France; buying their claim to the Panama Canal for $40 million.

The Panama canal Before beginning work on the Panama Canal the U.S. had to get permission from Colombia; which ruled Panama at the time. When these negotiations broke down, the French helped organize a Panamanian rebellion against Colombia. On November 3, 1903, nearly a dozen U.S. warships were present as Panama declared its independence. Fifteen days later, Panama and the U.S. signed a treaty; in which the U.S. agreed to pay Panama $10 million plus an annual rent of $250,000

Construction of the canal Construction of the canal ranks as one of the world’s greatest engineering feats. Builders fought diseases, such as yellow fever and malaria and soft volcanic soil that proved difficult to remove from where it lay. Construction began in 1904 and it opened for business in 1914. At the height of construction, more than 43,000 workers were employed. Some had come from Italy and Spain, approximately 75% were blacks from the West Indies. Approximately 5,600 died building the Panama Canal. The total cost was $380 million. https://search.tb.ask.com/search/video.jhtml?n=783a3392&p2=%5EBSB%5Exdm 093%5ETTAB02%5Eus&pg=video&pn=1&ptb=B8D73682-2512-4A85-A6DD- EC1A2B8DA9A7&qs=&searchfor=panama+canal&si=CNS86O2JudUCFQ5rfgodx BcI1A&ss=sub&st=sb&tpr=sbt

What was the Monroe Doctrine? Even after the success of the Panama Canal, U.S. and Latin American relations however, had been damaged by America’s support of the rebellion in Panama. The resulting ill will lasted decades. In 1921 Congress paid Colombia $25 million for to compensate the country for its loss of territory. President Roosevelt resented the involvement of Europe in Latin American affairs. Roosevelt reminded Europe of the Monroe Doctrine. What was the Monroe Doctrine?

The Monroe Doctrine was issued in 1823 by President James Monroe. The Monroe Doctrine demanded European countries stay out of the affairs of Latin American nations.

“Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.” Theodore Roosevelt President Roosevelt based his Latin American policy on a West African proverb, “Speak Softly and carry a big stick.” In a 1904 message to Congress, Roosevelt added the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. He warned that disorder in Latin America might “force the United States… to the exercise of an international police power.” In effect, the Roosevelt Corollary said that the U.S. would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America.

During the next decade the u. S During the next decade the u.S. exercised its police power on several occasions. Directions: Read pages 362-365 and answer the following questions on page ____ of your notebook. Was it appropriate for the U.S. to intervene in Nicaragua? Was it appropriate for the U.S. to intervene in Mexico?