20th-Century British and Irish Modernist Literature

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Presentation transcript:

20th-Century British and Irish Modernist Literature A Quick Overview of General Characteristics, Themes, and Agendas

Historical Background 1901- The End of the Reign of Queen Victoria 1903- Ford Motor Company Founded 1905- Einstein Unveils the Theory of Special Relativity 1914-18- WWI 1916- Easter Rising in Dublin 1920- League of Nations Formed 1929- Stock Market Crash 1933- Hitler Rises to Power 1939-45- WWII 1945- Atomic Bomb Dropped on Japan 1969- Apollo Lands on the Moon

Who is a “British” Writer in the 20th Century 20th-century writers who we call British Conrad (Polish) T.S.Eliot & Pound (Americans) Yeats & Joyce (Irish) The British Empire has Stretched Across the Globe

Who is a British Writer in the 20th Century? Writers that were once marginalized by sexuality, gender, and class were now celebrated. D. H. Lawrence W. H. Auden Virginia Woolf

Much has Been Brewing in the World of Science, Philosophy, and Ideology Marx (1818-1883) Marx felt that reality was determined by materialist cultures and economics. He called for a social revolution. Darwin (1809-1882) Darwin's theory of evolution and “survival of the fittest” suggests that survival is determined by the ability to adapt. The Origin of the Species Nietzsche (1844-1900) Feels that traditional religions have been debunked by physical and natural sciences and thus, that moral and ethical systems that arise from traditional religions are illogical. Freud (1856-1939) Freud ‘s theories of the dynamic unconscious suggested that humans are not fully aware of what they think or why they think it. His ideas proposed that awareness existed in layers and that many thoughts occur "below the surface.” Einstein (1879-1955) Overturns Newtonian conceptions of Physics. The universe is uncertain and we are ill-equipped observers.

Reed’s Reflections on Modernist Literature Modernist literature is a movement away from Romanticism, Victorian trends in literature, and Realism, and really, is marked by its determined desire to break away from all previous forms and conventions. It reflects the lack of order seen in a growing urban society, celebrates passion over reason, and questions traditional moralities.

Some Formal Characteristics of Modernist Literature Open and Experimental Form Discontinuity Juxtaposition Intertextuality Classical Allusions Borrowings From Other Cultures and Texts

Some Thematic Characteristics of Modernist Literature Alienation of the individual and the artist Society as fractured and culture as fragmented Sense of dislocation and meaninglessness Questioning the value of cultural norms Rejecting recorded history and valuing the mythic Focusing on the urban, the mundane, and the marginalized