Flotation of Cu-Au, PGM and Cu-Mo Group 1 Taylan Berkkam Bedrettin Ozakyuz Cem Sarikaya Ertuna Cakir Lecturers: Prof. Dr. Zafir Ekmekci and Asst. Prof. Ozlem Bicak

ACACIA Mining Bulyanhulu Au-Cu Flotation TANZANIA

Run of Mine Upper East Zone 3g/t Au, 0.2% Cu Lower Mine 10g/t Au, 0.5% Cu

Ore Content Chalcopyrite (Cu) Auriferous Pyrite (Au) Native Gold

Aim Floating Chalcopyrite Discarding Pyrite Gravity Separation

Flowsheet Rougher Cleaner PAX-Aerophine as Collector Aerophine Betafroth frother Lime pH 11-12 pH 6-7 Betafroth Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC)

PGM Minerals There are more than 100 PGM minerals. These minerals are subjected to a wide range of elemental substution. These sulphide deposits are able to concentrate these metals by a factor of 100–1000 ppm and form PGM deposits, together with precious metals, nickel and copper. Almost always the PGM deposits contain nickel minerals.

PGM Dominated Deposits Morensky type deposits Hydrothermal deposits Place deposits

Effect of Mineralogy on Recovery of PGMs From a processing point of view, PGM-containing ores can be divided into three general groups as follows: ores amenable to gravity pre-concentration, ores amenable to flotation ores that can only be treated using a hydrometallurgical route.

Ores Amenable to Flotation Based on flotation processing characteristics, these ores can be divided into the following major groups: PGM sulphide-dominated deposits PGE-dominated deposits

Flotation of PGM Containing Ores Flotation properties of PGM from sulphide dominated deposits Pyrrhotite Chalcopyrite and pentlandite Violarite

Reagent Practice in Flotation of PGM Sulphide-dominated Ores Activators Collectors Depressants CuSO4 (CMC) Carboxymethyl Cellulose Oxalic Acid and Thiourea Primary Xanthate(SIBX) Secondary Dithiophosphates & Mercaptans Guar gum pH=9-10

Flotation of Sulphide Dominated Ores There can be some variation in this flowsheet, such as (i) retreatment of the cleaner tailings, (ii) regrinding the scavenger concentrate and iii) the number of cleaning stages. This flowsheet is used in several operations from the Bushveld Complex (South Africa), Stillwater Complex (USA) and Lac des Illes (Canada).

Reagent Schemes Used to Treat PGM Containing Ores

Copper Molybdenum Flotation Application Field Of Molybdenum 80% of Mo are being used in steel industry; to increase mechanical properties of steel and to produce stainless steel. 20% of Mo are being used in some chemical applications. in addition, saleable Mo concentrate must include at least 50% of Mo and not exceed 0.5% of Cu in Mo Concentrate

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey The Effect of Grinding

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey The Effect of pH

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey The same experiment with Na2S At pH 6 At pH 12

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey Effect of Frothers

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey Depressant Selection Effect of Sodium Sulfide Effect of Nokes Phosphorus Pentoxide-Sodium Hydroxide

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey Effect of lignosulphonate Sodium Metabisulfite

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey Effect of Sodium Cyanide

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey Effect of Collectors

The study of low-grade porphyry copper-molybdenum ore obtained from the Kirklareli region of Turkey Conclusion Molybdenum Flotation:The selective molybdenum flotation has carried out at pH value of 12 , Na2SiO3 as silicate depressant , 10 g/ton Na2S as copper depressant , 440 g/ton kerosene as collector and 56 g/ton pine oil as frother. Copper Flotation: The selective copper flotation has carried out at pH value of 12 , 100 g/ton Aero 3302 as collector , 28 g/ton pineoil. Reference Kırklareli Demirköy-Sivriler Molibden Cevherinin Flotasyon ile Zenginleştirilmesi. Şükriye Beste EVEN (05 Haziran 2009)