Alternate Views Introduction to Engineering Design © 2012 Project Lead The Way, Inc.

Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Alternate Views In some cases, orthogonal projections and pictorials are not sufficient to specify all the details of a part. Section View. Used to show “inside” details not apparent on the exterior of the part Auxiliary View. Used to show features that are located on an inclined surface in true size and shape Detail View. Used to show a “close-up” view of features that are too small to adequately specify in another view

Orthographic Projections (multiviews) The outside of an object can be shown fully with an Orthographic view. Front, right, top view etc.

Hidden lines However the INSIDE of an object CANT be shown very well with an orthographic projection. Hidden lines will be mixing with other hidden lines and object line Plus you can’t dimension to hidden lines How do you dimension the inside?

Cut the object!

Before and after cut

Section View Provides a view of an object as if it were cut by a saw So you can have a clear view of the inside of an object Only used when detail can’t be seen from the outside

Cutting plane line Indicates location of the cut Thick and broken line Big dash, two small dashes big dash two small dashes… Arrows indicate direction of view Labeled with a letter for identification on drawing B B Cutting plane line

Section Lines Thin lines usually drawn at a 45 degree angle Indicates the material that has been cut through in a sectional view Empty space has no section lines Hidden lines that were cut through are now object lines

Section View Types Full Section View Half Section View Offset Section View

Full Section View Cutting plane line passes fully through the part Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Full Section View Cutting plane line passes fully through the part The cutting plane line is a straight line The piece being viewed is the piece with the arrows pointing to it, the other piece is disregarded Doesn’t have to cut exactly in half

Full Section Example Section lines indicate material that is cut by the cutting plane line Imagine the part is cut at cutting plane line Direction of View This half of the part is removed

Full Section Example Section lines indicate material that is cut by the cutting plane line Imagine the part is cut at cutting plane line Direction of View This half of the part is removed

Half Section View Used on symmetrical parts to show inside as well as outside details in one view One quarter of the part is cut away Cutting plane line goes halfway through the part (to the center of the part Used a lot with parts with axis of rotation (when revolve is used

Half Section Example Half Section Only one arrowhead in the direction of view Note that the cutting plane line cuts away a quarter of the part Half Section

Offset Section Used when several features of an object do not line up Have one offset section view instead of multiple full section views Note how the cutting plane line changes direction and follows the center of each feature

Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name With a tape measure, how would you tell a person the dimensions of the center of the hole? 28 inches from edge on the bottom of board to the center of the hole in a straight line 14 inches vertically from the bottom of the board. Then horizontal until you hit the board

Auxiliary Views Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Orthographic projection of an inclined plane (angled surface) which appears foreshortened in a principle orthographic projection Used to show the true size and shape of an inclined plane and the features on it Line of sight is perpendicular with the inclined surface. Looking at the inclined surface straight on.

Auxiliary Views The circle on the inclined surface on the top add right view look like ellipses but in the auxiliary view it is a circle The inclined surface looks shorter on the top and right view than on the auxiliary view. You see the true size on the auxiliary view. The location of the hole on the inclined surface can not be determined on the top or right view but it can be on the auxiliary view. Dimension the inclined surface on the auxiliary view

Foreshortened Foreshortened surfaces do not give a clear or accurate representation of the size or shape of the surface or features and should not be dimensioned foreshortened face TOP FRONT RIGHT SIDE

Auxiliary Views -summary Presentation Name Course Name Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name Auxiliary Views -summary An auxiliary view allows the viewer to look perpendicular to an angled surface to witness the true size and shape of that surface and its features (a hole in this example). True Height Auxiliary Distance TOP We will not use auxiliary views in this unit, but they will be presented in more detail in Unit 8. FRONT RIGHT SIDE

Detail Views An enlargement of a portion of another view to illustrate small features on a part Not to be confused with a Detail Drawing which is any drawing that contains all the information needed to manufacture a part

Detail View Example A feature is broken out and enlarged for clarity