Learning Objectives *continued from last lesson Chap 7 – Part II (Continuation) The Vertebral Column, Thoracic Cage & Pectoral Girdle Learning Objectives *continued from last lesson

Can you Guess What’s Wrong? (Problems with the Spine) What’s the condition causing the spine to twist? What’s this condition? And, this condition?

Exploring the Spine, page 193 TBA in CLASS

General Vertebral Bone Markings, pg 195 Instructions: Match the bone marking with its anatomical name. 3 Spinous process Vertebral foramen Pedicle Transverse process Body 2 4 (opening) 1 5

Cervical Vertebrae C1 (_____), for example, has no body or spinous process All vertebrae have a common structural pattern (as seen in previous slide). Vertebrae of each region also have certain characteristics. C2 (____) has a typical body & spine but also features a knoblike tooth called a “dens” dens

Cervical Vertebrae continued C3 – C7 have the following distinguishable characteristics (fill in your notes as I discuss): 1. The_____ is oval – wider from side to side. 2. Except for C7, the ________ ________ is short and split at the top. 3. Vertebral _____ is large and __________. 4. Each transverse process contains a _________ __________ through which the vertebral arteries pass to service the brain.

Thoracic Vertebrae All ________ with the ribs and have 5 other characteristics: 1. Body is heart-shaped and bears two small ______ (small joints) 2. Vertebral _______ is circular. 3. Spinous _______ is long & points sharply downward. 4. With the exception of T11 – T12, the transverse _______ have facets.’ 5. Sup. & inf. articular facets lie in the frontal plane (preventing ________ & extension but allows for rotation).

Lumbar Vertebrae Sturdy & larger with 4 other notable characteristics: 1. The ______ and laminae are shorter & thicker than other vertebrae. 2. The spinous ________ are short, flat, and hatchet-shaped. 3. The ______ ________ is triangular. 4.The _____ orientation helps to lock them together.

Sacrum Coccyx Forms ___________ wall of the pelvis Formed by ___ fused vertebrae Coccyx Also known as ______________ Consists of __ fused vertebrae

Bones of the Thoracic Cage manubrium sternum 7 true ribs Costal cartilage Xiphoid process False ribs Floating ribs (11-12) Label your practice diagram as I discuss. Label & learn only the parts featured here.

Practice Review Instructions: Complete the following questions over the material we have covered thus far. Try to do a much as you can from memory BEFORE using your textbook and notes. ** See separate handout Estimated Time = 10 minutes

Bones of the Pectoral (Shoulder) Consists of: 1. _______ (anteriorly) 2. ________ (posteriorly)

Pectoral Bones 101 Label your practice diagram (all parts).

Scapula Label ONLY red parts.